Where is the tympanic plexus?

In the middle ear, the tympanic plexus is formed on the tympanic promontory by branches of Jacobson's nerve (tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve) and caroticotympanic nerves originating from the internal carotid artery plexus.

What does the tympanic plexus do?

The tympanic plexus also gives off branches that supply the mucous membranes of the tympanic cavity, the mastoid air cells and the auditory tube ².

Where does tympanic nerve come from?

The tympanic nerve arises from the inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve traversing through the tympanic canaliculus into the middle ear. On the promontory it coalesces with sympathetic fibres from the carotid chain forming the tympanic plexus.

What nerve goes to tympanic membrane?

The auriculotemporal nerve (branch of CN V3) and the vagus nerve (CN X) provide general sensory innervation to the meatal side of tympanic membrane. The mucosal side of the tympanic membrane transmits its general sensory impulses via the tympanic branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).

Where does the tympanic nerve enter the skull?

The tympanic nerve exits the jugular foramen and passes by the inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion. It re-enters the skull through the inferior tympanic canaliculus and reaches the tympanic cavity where it forms a plexus in the middle ear cavity.

Tympanic plexus d

What does the tympanic nerve innervate?

The tympanic nerve provides sensation to the middle ear (tympanic cavity). This includes the internal surface of the tympanic membrane. It also supplies the Eustachian tube, the parotid gland, and mastoid air cells. The tympanic nerve also gives parasympathetic supply to the otic ganglion.

What is the final branch of tympanic nerve?

Jacobson nerve is the eponymous name of the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) and arises from the inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve. It also carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, from the inferior salivary nucleus, which eventually enter the otic ganglion.

What are the four quadrants of the tympanic membrane?

Numbering the four quadrants on the images of the tympanic membrane (TM): 1, anterosuperior; 2, anteroinferior; 3, posteroinferior; 4, posterosuperior.

What attaches to the tympanic membrane?

The malleus consists of a handle and a head. The handle is firmly attached to the tympanic membrane from the centre (umbo) to the upper margin.

What are the three layers of the tympanic membrane?

The tympanic membrane is thin and semi-transparent with a pearly, gray appearance. It is composed of three layers: An outer, epithelial (ectodermal)layer; a middle, fibrous layer; and an inner, mucosal(endodermal) layer that is continuous with the squamous lining of the middle ear cavity.

What forms tympanic plexus?

In the middle ear, the tympanic plexus is formed on the tympanic promontory by branches of Jacobson's nerve (tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve) and caroticotympanic nerves originating from the internal carotid artery plexus.

What is your inner ear called?

inner ear, also called labyrinth of the ear, part of the ear that contains organs of the senses of hearing and equilibrium. The bony labyrinth, a cavity in the temporal bone, is divided into three sections: the vestibule, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea.

Where is the chorda tympani located?

Structure and Location

The chorda tympani branches off from the facial nerve in its vertical segment of the temporal bone (the main skull bone that houses the inner ear). It passes behind the ear drum and between two tiny bones of the middle ear called the incus and malleus.

What does tympanic mean?

Smithsonian, 8 May 2018 The eardrum, which is also called the tympanic membrane, is a thin membrane inside the ear canal. — Fox News, 16 May 2017 Of those visits, tears in the tissue that separates the ear canal from the middle ear, called the tympanic membrane or simply the eardrum, were the most common. —

How is the tympanic membrane divided into quadrants?

The tympanic membrane can be divided into quadrants with an imaginary line drawn vertically along the long process of the malleus and extending to the inferior annulus, along with a horizontal line at the umbo.

What is tympanic cavity?

The tympanic cavity is an air-filled compartment surrounded by bone that is separated from the external ear by a thin tympanic membrane (tympanum) and is in direct communication with the pharynx via the auditory tube (also known as the eustachian or pharyngotympanic tube).

What is the UMBO of the ear?

The third landmark, the umbo, is the point where the bottom end of the manubrium forms the center of the eardrum. A healthy, normal eardrum is cone-shaped. The edges attach the tympanic annulus, and the center (the top of the cone) is formed at the end of the manubrium in the middle of the drum.

What nerve controls the gag reflex?

The afferent limb of the reflex is supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX), which inputs to the nucleus solitarius and the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The efferent limb is supplied by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) from the nucleus ambiguus. All of these are located in the medulla.

Which is a vagus nerve ganglion?

The vagus nerve has two sensory ganglia (masses of nerve tissue that transmit sensory impulses): the superior and the inferior ganglia. The branches of the superior ganglion innervate the skin in the concha of the ear. The inferior ganglion gives off two branches: the pharyngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal nerve.

What is great auricular nerve?

The great auricular nerve is a sensory branch from the cervical plexus that crosses the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle to supply sensation to the skin inferior to the external auditory meatus.

What does the pharyngeal plexus innervate?

The pharyngeal plexus provides sensory innervation of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx from CN IX and CN X. (The nasopharynx above the pharyngotympanic tube and the torus tubarius is innervated by CN V₂).

Which cranial nerve runs through the middle ear?

Coming from the inner ear and running to the brain is the eighth cranial nerve, the auditory nerve. This nerve carries both balance and hearing information to the brain.

Which part of ear controls balance?

It is also essential to our sense of balance: the organ of balance (the vestibular system) is found inside the inner ear. It is made up of three semicircular canals and two otolith organs, known as the utricle and the saccule. The semicircular canals and the otolith organs are filled with fluid.

What is the medical term for ringing in the ears?

Definition. Tinnitus is the medical term for "hearing" noises in your ears. It occurs when there is no outside source of the sounds. Tinnitus is often called "ringing in the ears." It may also sound like blowing, roaring, buzzing, hissing, humming, whistling, or sizzling. The noises heard can be soft or loud.