Why the 1st position of naphthalene is more reactive than 2nd position explain giving mechanism?

Substitution usually occurs more readily at the 1 position than at the 2 position because the intermediate for 1-substitution is more stable than that for 2-substitution. The reason is that the most favorable resonance structures for either intermediate are those that have one fully aromatic ring.

Why alpha position of naphthalene is more reactive than beta position?

The alpha position is more prone to reaction position in naphthalene because the intermediate formed becomes more stable due to more diffusion of charges through the adjacent pie electrons. Thus resonance do have its role to play in reactivity of alpha position.

Which position in naphthalene is more reactive?

Explanation: In the electrophilic substitution, position 1 in naphthalene is more reactive that the position 2 because the carbocation formed by the attack of electrophile at position 1 is more stable than position 2 because of the resonance since it has 4 contributing structures.

Which is the most preferred position of electrophilic substitution reaction in naphthalene?

Note: Naphthalene can undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) reactions similar to benzene and generally prefers to substitute at the alpha position.

Why is naphthalene more reactive toward electrophilic substitution as compared to benzene?

Answer: So naphthalene is more reactive compared to single ringed benzene . Naphthalene has two aromatic rings, but only 10 pi electrons (rather than the twelve electrons that it would prefer). This means that naphthalene has less aromatic stability than two isolated benzene rings would have.

Naphthalene || Electrophilic Substitution || Mechanism || By TUC || By NIKHIL Sharma || NEET JEE

Which is more reactive towards electrophilic substitution?

Hence, the electron density on benzene ring is maximum in aniline. Hence, aniline is the most reactive towards electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Which one is more reactive naphthalene or benzene?

Naphthalene is more reactive than benzene, both in substitution and addition reactions, and these reactions tend to proceed in a manner that maintains one intact benzene ring.

Why does naphthalene undergo electrophilic substitution reaction at alpha position?

question. Electrophilic substitution reaction in naphthalene is quite similar to benzene reaction. The alpha position is more stabilized than the beta position. The carbocation formed at an alpha position after the attack of an electrophile is much more stabilized by its resonance than the second position.

Which step is the rate determining step in the mechanism of electrophilic substitution reaction?

Which of the following is rate determining step in electrophilic substitution reaction? Explanation: Attack by an electrophilic reagent on benzene ring is a rate determining step in electrophilic substitution reaction. It is also the slowest step of the reaction.

Which is more aromatic naphthalene or anthracene?

There are three aromatic rings in Anthracene. Therefore the order of resonance energy as per the benzene ring in the decreasing order is : Benzene > Naphthalene > Phenanthrene > Anthracene.

Does naphthalene undergo addition reactions?

Naphthalene also undergoes addition reactions more readily than benzene. It is reduced by sodium and amyl alcohol to tetra-hydronaphthalene, whereas benzene is unattacked by the reagent. The product tetralin is also obtained by the partial catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene.

How many compounds are more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction napthalene anthracene Phenanthracene pyrrole?

Among the given compounds, only five compounds are more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

What is Haworth process?

Haworth synthesis is a multistep preparation of phenanthrenes from naphthalenes by means of the Friedel–Crafts acylation with succinic anhydride, followed by a Clemmensen reduction or Wolff–Kishner reduction, cyclization, reduction, and dehydrogenation.

What do you mean by electrophilic substitution reaction?

Electrophilic substitution reactions are chemical reactions in which an electrophile displaces a functional group in a compound, which is typically, but not aromatic substitution reactions are characteristic of aromatic compounds and are common ways of introducing functional groups into benzene rings.

Is naphthalene a liquid?

Naphthalene (NAF-thuh-leen) is a white crystalline volatile solid with a characteristic odor often associated with mothballs. The compound sublimes (turns from a solid to a gas) slowly at room temperature, producing a vapor that is highly combustible.

Which of the following is the first step in the general mechanism for electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions?

The first step of electrophilic aromatic substitution is usually the rate-determining step. Since a new sigma bond forms in the first step, the intermediate is called a sigma complex. This carbocation is resonance stabilized, but is not aromatic because it has only four π electrons.

Which of the following is most likely to be the first step in the general mechanism for electrophilic substitution reactions?

The first step of electrophilic aromatic substitution is attack of the electrophile (E+) by a pi bond of the aromatic ring.

Which is the least reactive towards aromatic electrophilic substitution?

Benzenesulphonic acid is least reactive in an electrophilic aromatic substitution due to −M effect.

How is naphthalene synthesized?

It can be synthesized by Haworth synthesis, the steps are as follows: The Friedel craft acylation reaction of benzene with succinic anhydride gives 3 benzoylpropionic acid. The second step is Clemmenson's reaction with 3-benzoylpropionic acid which gives 4-phenylebutanoic acid.

Why electrophilic substitution reaction occurs slowly in nitrobenzene than benzene?

Nitrobenzene, C₆H₅NO₂, undergoes the reaction millions of times more slowly. These observations are consistent with the role of the aromatic as a nucleophile in this reaction. Substituents that draw electron density away from the aromatic ring slow the reaction down.

Why does anthracene undergo electrophilic substitution and addition reaction mainly at c9 and c10?

Answer. The reaction is sensitive to oxygen. In most other reactions of anthracene, the central ring is also targeted, as it is the most highly reactive. Electrophilic substitution occurs at the "9" and "10" positions of the center ring, and oxidation of anthracene occurs readily, giving anthraquinone, C14H8O2 (below).

Why is the resonance energy of naphthalene less than twice that of benzene?

Both are aromatic in nature both have delocalised electrons but naphthalene has more resonance structures and more delocalisation so overall it must be more stable for a single ring. May someone help? So, for naphthalene , the resonance energy per ring = 63 ÷2 = 31.5 kcal/mol, which is less than that pf benzene.

Why naphthalene is aromatic?

As we are getting a whole number from, 4nπ+2 formula for naphthalene, so naphthalene is aromatic. Therefore, the naphthalene is an aromatic compound according to Huckel's rule because it has 4nπ+2 delocalised electrons. Note: Pi bonds are known as delocalized bonds. Pi bonds cause the resonance.

How was it proved that naphthalene consists of two benzene rings fused together?

This has been explained by considering one of the naphthalene rings as aromatic and the other as a butadiene. As in naphthalene if one ring is to have six electrons other must have four electrons. So, the reactivity of the fused rings is generally more than benzene.