Why is it necessary to have regularly spaced gaps between sections of a concrete sidewalk?

Why is it necessary to have regularly spaced gaps between sections of a concrete sidewalk? The gaps provide space for concrete slabs to expand into so they do not buckle. the transfer of thermal energy with no overall transfer of matter. a material that conducts thermal energy well.

What happens to radiation from an object as its temperature increases?

What happens to radiation from an object as its temperature increases? Its rate of radiation increases.

How does a heat pump move thermal energy from a cold area to a warm area?

How does a heat pump move thermal energy from a cold area to a warm area? Heat pumps must do work on a refrigerant in order to reserve the normal flow of heat.

In what direction does heat flow on its own spontaneously?

Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of a temperature difference. Heat flows spontaneously from hot objects to cold objects.

Why would an engine be less efficient on Venus than on Earth?

For conduction and convection energy is transferred through matter, while radiation does not transfer energy through a state of matter. Why would an engine be less efficient on Venus than on Earth? There is a greater temperature difference.

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How do you calculate solar flux on Venus?

The “solar constant” (as it has been historically called) at the earth is 1367 W/m², and, as energy intensity is proportional to the square of the distance away, or “r²”, the solar constant at Venus is 1367/(0.72²) = 2,636 W/m² – Venus is closer, so it receives more solar energy per m².

Is the earth still cooling?

Despite billions of years of cooling, our planet still has about half of the heat it was born with. Earth may have formed more than 4.5 billion years ago, but it's still cooling. A new study reveals that only about half of our planet's internal heat stems from natural radioactivity.

How does kinetic energy transfer between atoms and molecules?

(b) When they are put into contact with each other, collisions between the molecules result in the transfer of kinetic (thermal) energy from the hotter to the cooler matter.

How does heat travel through solids liquids and gases?

In solids, heat passes from one point to another through conduction. In Liquids and gases, heat transfer takes place by convection. Heat transfer takes place by the process of radiation when there are no particles of any kind which can move and transfer heat.

What does a burner on a stove produces?

A burner on a stove produces temperature.

What is refrigerator in physics class 11?

A refrigerator works on the principle of the second law of thermodynamics. This law is related to the extraction of heat from a body i.e. to lower the temperature of the body. The temperature of the body can be lowered by extracting or removing the heat from the material or the body.

Is a steam engine an external combustion engine?

A combustion engine is a complex machine that burns fuel to produce thermal energy and then uses the thermal energy to do work. There are two types of combustion engines: external and internal. A steam engine is an external combustion engine.

What is a heat pump water heater?

Heat pump water heaters use electricity to move heat from one place to another instead of generating heat directly. Therefore, they can be two to three times more energy efficient than conventional electric resistance water heaters. To move the heat, heat pumps work like a refrigerator in reverse.

What is conduction convection and radiation of heat?

Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of a liquid or gas. Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through thermal emission. Hope this helps!

How is solar radiation formed?

Solar radiation is the energy emitted by the Sun, which is sent in all directions through space as electromagnetic waves. Emitted by the surface of the Sun, this energy influences atmospheric and climatological processes.

What is the total kinetic energy of all particles in a substance?

Thermal energy measures the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The greater the motion of particles, the higher a substance's temperature and thermal energy. A substance's total thermal energy depends on its temperature, number of atoms, and physical state.

What is heat in science?

Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy from one medium or object to another, or from an energy source to a medium or object. Such energy transfer can occur in three ways: radiation, conduction, and convection.

What is heat flow in physics?

Heat flow is the transfer of heat energy or enthalpy. Heat energy is transferred through conduction(physical contact of surfaces), convection(movement of fluids), and radiation(emitted electromagnetic energy).

What is energy exchange physics?

Exchange energy is the energy released when two or more electrons with the same spin-exchange their positions in the degenerate orbitals of a subshell.

What is light energy?

Light energy is a kind of kinetic energy with the ability to make types of light visible to human eyes. Light is defined as a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted by hot objects like lasers, bulbs, and the sun.

What is the thermal energy of a system?

Thermal energy refers to the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature. Heat is the flow of thermal energy. A whole branch of physics, thermodynamics, deals with how heat is transferred between different systems and how work is done in the process (see the 1ˢᵗ law of thermodynamics).

How hot was the Earth before the ice age?

Collisions between Earth and rocky debris in the early solar system would have kept the surface molten and surface temperatures blistering. Image courtesy NASA. Even after collisions stopped, and the planet had tens of millions of years to cool, surface temperatures were likely more than 400° Fahrenheit.

Are greenhouse gases?

The main greenhouse gases whose concentrations are rising are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and ozone in the lower atmosphere.