Who is the father of indirect rule?

His book, “The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa” (1922), not only gained him the award of the Gold Medal of fche Royal Geographical Society, but immediately became a classic, as Lord Athlone said in his address of presentation, when he also spoke of Lord Lugard as “the father of indirect rule”.

When did indirect rule start in Nigeria?

The system of indirect rule was first introduced in the Northern Nigeria around 1906 by Sir Lord Fredrick Lugard when he was a high commissioner of the protectorate of the Northern Nigeria.

What is indirect rule in history?

British policy in Western Africa

system subsequently institutionalized as “indirect rule.” Essentially, local government was to be left in the hands of the traditional chiefs, subject to the guidance of European officers.

Who introduced indirect rule in Kenya?

​Indirect rule

​This was a policy advanced by Fredrick Lugard, the British High Commissioner in the protectorate of Northern Nigeria from 1900 to 1906.

Who introduced indirect rule in East Africa?

Indirect rule was first used by the British in Africa in Buganda, developed it in Northern Nigera, later extending it to other colonies in Africa. The Uganda Agreement (sic) of 1900 clarified that Bugandans were to be governed by hereditary rulers. These made laws in accordance with the British Governor.

What is INDIRECT RULE? What does INDIRECT RULE mean? INDIRECT RULE meaning, definition

Who introduced indirect rule in Ghana?

Kwame Nkrumah: The Rise Of Indirect Rule In Ghana - 1201 Words | Cram.

Who was the founder of indirect rule in Tanganyika?

In 1920, Britain was given responsibility for Tanganyika under a mandate from the League of Nations. Sir Donald Cameron, Governor from 1925–1931, was influenced by Lord Frederick Lugard, the ideologist of 'indirect rule', administration by chiefs approved by the colonial government.

Who used direct rule?

COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION. Different countries used different methods of administrations. Britain used direct and indirect rule. Portugal used direct rule-Comprador.

What is indirect rule of law?

What is indirect rule? It is a system of administration used by the British colonial government to govern the people through the use of traditional rulers and traditional political institutions.

Who used indirect rule?

The British appraoch was called indirect rule and was applied to all of Nigeria including southeastern Nigeria. The problems of colonial governance in this period are striking. Contemplate the differences in the cultural values of the European and the colonized. Consider the differences in power between the two groups.

Who is the father of Nigeria nationalism?

The NNDP under the leadership of Herbert Macaulay emerged as the most powerful group with their candidates victorious in 1923, 1928, and 1933 elections (Coleman,1965:198). Macaulay, before his death in 1946 earned the title of the father of Nigeria's nationalism from his various anti-colonial struggles.

Who founded Nigeria?

On January 1, 1914, Lord Frederick Lugard, the governor of both the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and the Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria, signed a document consolidating the two, thereby creating the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria.

What is indirect rule in India?

Indirect rule in this context refers to those areas of India which were under the administration of Indian kings rather than the British crown; these were known as the “native states” or the “princely states.” The defense and foreign policies of these native states were completely controlled by the British during the ...

Where is indirect rule first implemented?

In Nigeria, the indirect rule system was introduced by the country's first Governor-General, Lord Frederick Lugard who felt that Nigeria being very big and vast would be impossible to handle if the British ruled directly.

Why did British introduce indirect rule?

The average British saw the colonies as a harsh environment where they could die of malaria or other diseases so they were unwilling to come and work there. This created the shortage of critical personnel in the colonies. The British were therefore forced to use local people, leading to the adoption of Indirect Rule.

Which nation had indirect rule?

Indirect rule was used by various colonial rulers: the French in Algeria and Tunisia, the Dutch in the East Indies, Portuguese in Angola and Mozambique and Belgians in Rwanda and Burundi. These dependencies were often called "protectorates" or "trucial states".

What is settler rule?

Settler rule refers to the type of colonialism in southern Africa in which European settlers imposed direct rule on their colonies. Settler colonies differed from other colonies in Africa in that a significant number of immigrants from Europe settled in these colonies.

What is French direct rule?

Direct Rule. Direct rule is a system whereby the colonies were governed by European officials at the top position, then Natives were at the bottom. The Germans and French preferred this system of administration in their colonies.

Who was Liwali in Tanganyika?

German Administration in Tanganyika

In the main coastal towns, there was an Arab governor called a Liwali. In the interior, there were junior administrators called Akidas. Akidas were mainly Arabs or Swahili people. Under the Akidas, there were local chiefs or village headmen called Jumbes.

When did German rule end in Tanganyika?

Before World War I, Tanganyika formed part of the German colony of German East Africa. It was gradually occupied by forces from the British Empire and Belgian Congo during the East Africa Campaign, although German resistance continued until 1918.

When did indirect rule start in Ghana?

The process of implementing indirect rule in Nyasaland began in 1912 with the District Administration (Native) Ordinance and by 1934 the system had become fully established.

What was the indirect rule in Ghana?

The Colonization of Ghana

The British used a method called Indirect rule in African colonies as a way of giving traditional African leaders new titles as colonial administrators. As Britain took control of the Gold Coast they dominated trade, introduced new techniques, grew new crops, and demand control of other areas.

When did Sierra Leone introduce indirect rule?

In 1896, when the British established a protectorate over what would be the modern territory of Sierra Leone, they set up a canonical version of indirect rule.

Did British rule India indirectly?

India's princely states, where from the mid-eighteenth century the British first employed and developed this system of indirect rule, stood as the conscious model for later imperial administrators and politicians who wished to extend the Empire without the economic and political costs of direct annexation.