Who introduced MTA?

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was developed for use as a dental root repair material by Mahmoud Torabinejad.

When was MTA introduced?

MTA was first introduced in the dental literature in 1993 and received FDA approval in 1998. In 1999 Pro Root MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN) was the first commercially available MTA product to be launched in the United States (Figure 1A).

What is MTA used for?

MTA is used for creating apical plugs during apexification, repairing root perforations during root canal therapy, treating internal root resorption, and pulp capping. The objective of this article is to investigate MTA features from a clinical point of view, even compared with other biomaterials.

What is MTA in endodontics?

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), composed mainly of tricalcic silicate, tricalcic alluminate, bismuth oxide, is a particular endodontic cement. It is made of hydrophilic fine particles that harden in the presence of dampness or blood.

What is MTA mixed with?

The MTA powder is mixed with sterile water, and the mixture is placed in contact with the exposure using a Dovgan carrier (Figure 2). Compress the mixture against the exposure site with a moist cotton pellet. Place a moist cotton pellet over the MTA and fill the rest of the cavity with a temporary filling material.

The MTA: The History of Transit in NYC

What is MTA made of?

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is composed of Portland cement, with 4:1 addition of bismuth oxide added so that the material can be detected on a radiograph. The cement is made up of calcium, silicon and aluminium. The main constituent phases are tricalcium and dicalcium silicate and tricalcium aluminate.

Is MTA toxic?

At the 24-hour period, white MTA produced the lowest toxicity, statistically comparable to the control group (p > 0.05), whereas the white and gray CER cements presented the highest cytotoxic effects on the fibroblast-like MDPL-20 cells.

Who introduced Formocresol pulpotomy?

Formocresol was introduced by Buckley in 1904 mixing equal parts of formalin and tricresol intended to fix nonvital pulp tissue. In 1930, Sweet used so-called commercially available “Buckley's formula” with 19% formaldehyde and 35% creosol to “mummify” (fix) the pulp tissue in six visits.

What is MTA pulpotomy?

MTA may be used as an alternative pulpotomy agent in immature teeth with pulp exposure to stimulate pulp healing with dentin bridge formation and complete root formation. But, discoloration following MTA pulpotomy appears as a major clinical complication.

What is MTA sealer?

MTA Bioseal is an endodontic root canal sealer based on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. It is a double paste component that allows complete filling of all root canals including accessory and lateral ones.

What is the pH of set MTA?

pH. Hydrated MTA has an initial pH of 10.2, which rises to 12.5 (similar to calcium hydroxide) 3 hours after mixing and following setting. The high pH is theorized to be responsible for the antimicrobial action and biological activity of the material.

What is Apexogenesis and apexification?

Apexification is a method of inducing a calcified barrier at the apex of a nonvital tooth with incomplete root formation. Apexogenesis refers to a vital pulp therapy procedure performed to encourage physiological development and formation of the root end.

Do you cure MTA?

Light-curable and dual-cure MTA products contain resins which dilute and inhibit the MTA's bioactivity. Resins never cure 100%. Uncured resin leaves cytotoxic monomers in the MTA-resin matrix and in contact with the pulp. Resins shrink during curing; they are not dimensionally stable.

What is the oldest subway line in NYC?

A short piece of surface route of this railroad, the BMT West End Line (today's D train) on the west side of the Coney Island Complex north of the Coney Island Creek, is the oldest existing piece of rapid transit right-of-way in New York City and in the U.S., having opened on June 8, 1864.

What is NYC subway called?

The subway system is usually just referred to as the "trains." Locals say "I can take the train to your place" to generally mean that they take the subway. The subway is never referred to as the metro, underground, or tube.

What is MTA pulp therapy?

MTA was used as pulp-capping material after partial pulpotomy to preserve the vitality of the pulpal tissues in two cases. Follow-up examinations revealed that the treatment was successful in preserving pulpal vitality and continued development of the tooth.

What is MTA in pediatric dentistry?

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), is unique endodontic cement that was initially introduced as a material for root perforation repair. Over the years its use has expanded to include versatile applications in the field of pediatric dentistry.

Is MTA resorbable?

This condition can occur during a direct contact between extruded MTA and body tissue fluids, which may be partially responsible for MTA resorption. Bismuth oxide, an insoluble radiopacifier, cannot be resorbed in this way and, therefore, the aforementioned mechanism of action is not applicable to this component.

Why is formocresol used in pulpotomy?

Formocresol and ferric sulfate have been used as protective medicaments for partial or complete pulpotomy procedures, among other techniques, including electrosurgery and laser cautery. Ferric sulfate and formocresol staunch the bleeding pulp, but neither material is bioactive.

Can IRM be used for pulpotomy?

Results. Among the 608 teeth (338 patients) treated in a single session with IRM full pulpotomy and stainless steel preformed crowns, 263 (143 patients) were evaluated after a median follow-up period of 24 months. Overall, 89% of the pulpotomies were effective, 7.6% were of uncertain outcome, and 3.4% were ineffective.

What is Metapex?

A temporary root canal filling material with excellent radiopacity, Metapex is an antibacterial, premixed paste composed of calcium hydroxide with iodoform. Priced at less than half the cost of leading brands, Metapex is ideal for many applications: Exposed pulp in capping and pulpotomy.

Does MTA bond to tooth?

Nowadays, the material that offers the best sealing characteristic in the field of endodontic treatment is the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), nevertheless, this material necessities an adhesive bonding agent to perfectly join to the dental surface.

Is MTA used in primary teeth?

MTA as a pulpotomy agent has shown favorable results in case of primary molars. There is limited literature available regarding its use in primary incisors. However, the success of vital pulp therapy with MTA depends on proper case selection and technique of management of the tooth than the material itself.