Which leukoplakia has highest malignant potential?

Oral leukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant lesion of the oral cavity, it is estimated that the overall prevalence is 1.72-2.60% (1).

Which type of leukoplakia has highest malignant transformation?

Malignant transformation rates of oral leukoplakia range from 0.13 to 17.5%, while the rates of five-year cumulative malignant transformation range from 1.2 to 14.5%.

Which leukoplakia is cancerous?

Most leukoplakia patches are noncancerous (benign), though some show early signs of cancer. Cancers on the bottom of the mouth can occur next to areas of leukoplakia. And white areas mixed in with red areas (speckled leukoplakia) may indicate the potential for cancer.

Which is more malignant leukoplakia or erythroplakia?

Erythroplakia is less common than leukoplakia and appears as a fiery red macule or patch with a soft velvety texture. It is associated with a significantly higher risk of dysplasia or carcinoma when compared with typical leukoplakia.

Which disease has highest malignant transformation rate?

The malignant transformation rate was highest in the group with epithelial dysplasia (24.2%), followed by verrucous hyperplasia (20.0%), and hyperkeratosis or epithelial hyperplasia (8.6%).

potentially malignant lesions

What are potentially malignant lesions?

Potentially malignant lesions (PML) are lesions of the oral mucosa which are at an increased risk for malignant transformation compared to healthy mucosa. At the congress of the World Health Organization in 2005, “potentially malignant diseases” was suggested as a term for malignant and precancerous conditions (9,10).

What is Verrucous leukoplakia?

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a distinct form of oral leukoplakia characterized by a high recurrence rate and high rate of transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma.

What is the difference between erythroplakia and erythroleukoplakia?

Erythroplakia is a red area that is either flat or raised. If it's scraped, erythroplakia tends to bleed easily. Sometimes, patients have a mix of both types of tissue changes, known as erythroleukoplakia. In this case, the patch within the mouth or throat has red and white sections.

Is squamous papilloma premalignant?

Causes of squamous cell papilloma

The HPV subtypes most often found in oral squamous cell papilloma are HPV-6 and HPV-11. These subtypes are not associated with malignancy or precancer.

Is oral leukoplakia malignant?

Oral leukoplakia is one of the most common potentially malignant disorders. Right diagnosis of potentially malignant disorders may help to prevent these lesions from malignant transformation.

Does all leukoplakia turn cancerous?

Most cases of leukoplakia do not turn into cancer. But some leukoplakias are either cancer when first found or have pre-cancer changes that can turn into cancer if not properly treated.

What is the most common oral precancerous lesion?

Oral leukoplakia is the most common premalignant oral lesion. For persistent white or erythematous oral lesions, biopsy should be performed to rule out neoplastic change or cancer. Most oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Tobacco and heavy alcohol use are the principal risk factors for oral cancer.

Is hairy leukoplakia precancerous?

In patients with HIV infection, the development of OHL may herald severe HIV disease and the rapid onset of AIDS, but despite its title, OHL is not regarded as premalignant and is unlikely to give rise to oral squamous cell carcinoma.

What is speckled leukoplakia?

Background: Leukoplakia is one of potentially malignant disorders that can be found on oral mucosa. Speckled leukoplakia is a rare type of leukoplakia with a very high risk of premalignant growth. Approximately 3 % of worldwide population has suffered from leukoplakia, 5-25% of which tend to be malignant leukoplakia.

What is nodular leukoplakia?

Nodular leukoplakia is a non-homogeneous type of oral leukoplakia presenting a white surface with verrucous, nodular, ulcerated or erythematous features with a greater risk of malignant transformation when compared to the homogeneous type.

What is erythroleukoplakia?

(eh-RITH-roh-LOO-koh-PLAY-kee-uh) An abnormal patch of red and white tissue that forms on mucous membranes in the mouth and may become cancer. Tobacco (smoking and chewing) and alcohol may increase the risk of erythroleukoplakia.

Is squamous papilloma malignant?

Oral squamous papilloma is a benign tumor, but its potential for malignant transformation has yet to be studied.

Is Oral Lichen Planus premalignant?

Abstract. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common mucosal condition that is considered premalignant by some, although others argue that only lichenoid lesions with dysplasia are precancerous.

Is Erythroplakia a premalignant?

Erythroplakia is analogous to the term leukoplakia which describes white patches. Together, these are the 2 traditionally accepted types of premalignant lesion in the mouth, When a lesion contains both red and white areas, the term "speckled leukoplakia" or "eyrthroleukoplakia" is used.

Is erythroplakia malignant?

Malignant disease of the oral cavity

Erythroplakia is defined as 'any lesion of the oral mucosa that presents as bright red velvety plaques which cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other recognizable condition'.

Are all red patches erythroplakia?

Erythroplakia is an uncommon condition that appears as red lesions on the mucous membranes in your mouth. The lesions aren't classified as any other condition. Erythroplakia is usually identified by your dentist, because there are few, if any, symptoms beyond the abnormal patches.

What is oral Leukoedema?

Leukoedema is a white or whitish-gray edematous lesion of the buccal and labial oral mucosa. The lesions may be diffuse or patchy, and are usually asymptomatic. Leukoedema may be confused with leukoplakia, Darier's disease, white sponge nevus, pachyonychia congenita, or candidal infection.

Is verrucous leukoplakia malignant?

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an uncommon form of progressive multifocal leukoplakia with a high rate of malignant transformation to either squamous cell cancer or verrucous carcinoma and a high probability of recurrence.

What is proliferative leukoplakia?

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a rare type of oral leukoplakia, where white patches that have a high risk of becoming cancerous develop inside the mouth. It mainly involves the lining inside of the cheeks (buccal mucosa) and tongue.

What does verrucous mean?

adjective. of, pertaining to, marked by, or like a wart or warts.