Which is the electrophile in sulphonation reaction How is it generated?

Nitration and sulfonation of benzene are two examples of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The nitronium ion (NO₂⁺) and sulfur trioxide (SO₃) are the electrophiles and individually react with benzene to give nitrobenzene and benzenesulfonic acid respectively.

Which electrophile is generated in sulphonation reaction?

Step by step answer:

All steps of sulphonation are reversible. The sulphuric acid generates an electrophile sulphur trioxide. Second, the attack of benzene on electrophile: The attack of benzene on electrophile generates a positive charge on the ring which is delocalized.

How is an electrophile generated?

An electrophile — an electron‐seeking reagent — is generated. For the bromination of benzene reaction, the electrophile is the Br+ ion generated by the reaction of the bromine molecule with ferric bromide, a Lewis acid.

How is the electrophile generated in the sulphonation of benzene?

The mechanism for Sulfonation of benzene

Due to higher electronegativity, oxygen present in sulphuric acid pulls an electron towards itself, generating an electrophile. This attacks the benzene ring, leading to the formation of benzenesulfonic acid.

What is the electrophile in aromatic sulphonation?

Sulfur trioxide or its protonated derivative is the actual electrophile in this electrophilic aromatic substitution. To drive the equilibrium, dehydrating agents such as thionyl chloride can be added.

Sulfonation of Benzene

What is the electrophile in aromatic sulfonation chegg?

Overview of Aromatic Sulfonation

When an aromatic compound is heated with the sulfuric acid, there will be the formation of an aryl sulfonic acid. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction in which sulfur trioxide, or the protonated derivative of sulfur trioxide can act as an electrophile.

What is sulphonation reaction?

Sulphonation Reaction

The replacement of the hydrogen atom of an organic compound with sulfonic acid (-SO3H) functional group, often by the reaction with sulfuric acid at higher temperatures, is called Sulphonation. “The introduction of a sulfonic acid group into an aromatic compound is referred to as sulphonation.”

What is the structure of the electrophile in sulphonation of benzene using fuming sulphuric acid?

The formation of the electrophile

Fuming sulphuric acid, H₂S₂O₇, can be thought of as a solution of SO₃ in sulphuric acid - and so is a much richer source of the SO₃. Sulphur trioxide is an electrophile because it is a highly polar molecule with a fair amount of positive charge on the sulphur atom.

What is the electrophile in the electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene using conc H2SO4 *?

Answer: What is the electrophile in the electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene using oleum and conc. H2SO4? Explanation: This reaction is sulphonation of benzene ring in which SO3 is the real attacking electrophile and oleum will increase the concentration of SO3.

Why is SO3 an electrophile?

Is so3 an electrophile in nature? The answer is “Yes”. Reason: SO₃ is a highly polar molecule with positive charge on the sulphur atom. It attracts to the ring electrons.

Is Sulphonation electrophilic substitution?

Nitration and sulfonation of benzene are two examples of electrophilic aromatic substitution.

How is the electrophile generated in the nitration of benzene?

The arenium ion loses a proton and forms nitrobenzene. Hence, the generation of electrophile in nitration of benzene takes place by protonation of nitric acid with the help of sulphuric acid. The arenium ion is the resonance stabilized carbocation which forms during the electrophilic substitution in an aromatic ring.

What is the electrophile that is produced by the reaction of sulfuric acid and nitric acid?

The electrophile is the "nitronium ion" or the "nitryl cation", NO₂⁺. This is formed by reaction between the nitric acid and the sulphuric acid.

What is sulphonation of benzene?

Sulphonation of benzene is a type of electrophilic-substitution reaction. Elctrophile=SO3.

How does electrophilic aromatic substitution work?

Electrophilic aromatic substitution is an organic reaction in which an atom that is attached to an aromatic system (usually hydrogen) is replaced by an electrophile.

Which reagent is used for sulphonation of benzene?

Answer: fuming sulphuric acid is used as a reagent in sulphonation reaction. Explanation: Sulphonation:- Basically Sulfonation is a reaction of benzene with fuming sulphuric acid , in this process benzene is heated with fuming sulphuric acid that gives benzenesulfonic acid and the nature of this reaction is reversible.

What is electrophile in electrophilic in electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene using hno3 and h2so4?

The electrophile is the "nitronium ion" or the "nitryl cation", NO+2. This is formed by reaction between the nitric acid and the sulphuric acid.

What is the electrophile in electrophilic substitution reaction?

In electrophilic substitution in aliphatic compounds, an electrophile displaces a functional group. This reaction is similar to nucleophilic aliphatic substitution where the reactant is a nucleophile rather than an electrophile.

What is the nucleophile in the sulfonation reaction?

The p electrons of the aromatic C=C act as a nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic S, pushing charge out onto an electronegative O atom.

What is the electrophile in h2so4?

The slightly positive hydrogen atom in the sulphuric acid acts as an electrophile, and is strongly attracted to the electrons in the pi bond. The electrons from the pi bond move down towards the slightly positive hydrogen atom.

Why SO3 is used in sulphonation reaction?

Conventionally sulfonation is done by sulphuric acid or oleum. But with SO3 sulfonation process has the following advantages. It is more direct and considerably faster than the present process. It requires fewer man hours and, therefore, is more economical.

What is meant by electrophilic substitution reaction explain the mechanism of nitration of benzene?

Benzene reacts with nitric acid and sulphuric acid to form nitrobenzene. It is an example of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. One hydrogen atom of benzene ring is replaced with nitro group. Nitric acid reacts with sulphuric acid to form nitronium ions.

What is sulphonation reaction Class 11?

Sulphonation of benzene is a process of heating benzene with fuming sulphuric acid (H ₂SO ₄ +SO ₃) to produce benzenesulphonic acid. The reaction is reversible in nature.

What is sulphonation in organic chemistry?

Sulfonation: A chemical reaction which introduces the sulfonic acid functional group (-SO₃H) into a molecule. Sulfonation with sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid converts benzene into benzene sulfonic acid.

What is the electrophile in the reaction of benzene with acetyl chloride ch3cocl and alcl3?

The formation of the electrophile

The electrophile is CH₃CO⁺. It is formed by reaction between the ethanoyl chloride and the aluminium chloride catalyst.