Where is TB common?

In 2020, the 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 86% of new TB cases. Eight countries account for two thirds of the total, with India leading the count, followed by China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and South Africa.

Where is tuberculosis most commonly found in the world?

Most of the people who fall ill with TB live in low- and middle-income countries, but TB is present all over the world. About half of all people with TB can be found in 8 countries: Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines and South Africa.

Where is TB most common in the US?

During 2021, Alaska reported 7.9 new cases of tuberculosis per 100,000 population, the highest rate of any state. This statistic shows the number of new cases of tuberculosis per 100,000 population in the United States in 2021, by state.

Is TB common worldwide?

What is the global impact of tuberculosis? In 2018, 1.7 billion people were infected by TB bacteria — roughly 23% of the world's population. TB is the leading infectious disease killer in the world, claiming 1.5 million lives each year.

What countries are considered high risk for TB?

What is Tuberculosis?

What population is most affected by tuberculosis?

The percentage of TB cases that occur in Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American, and Asian persons is higher than expected based on the percentage of these populations in the U.S. population. In 2020, about 89% of the TB cases reported in the United States occurred among racial and ethnic minority groups.

Why is TB low in the US?

The United States has one of the lowest TB disease case rates in the world, thanks to investments in domestic TB programs. Health departments and CDC TB control efforts prevented as many as 300,000 people from developing TB disease and averted up to $14.5 billion in costs over a 20-year period.

Is tuberculosis still common today?

Two billion people – one fourth of the world's population – are infected with the TB bacteria, with more than 10 million becoming ill with active TB disease each year. In 2019, 1.2 million children fell ill with TB globally and 465,000 people fell ill with drug-resistant TB. TB knows no borders.

Who is more at risk for getting TB Why?

People at high risk for Tuberculosis (TB) exposure and infection include: Close contacts of persons exposed to contagious cases of TB. Foreign-born persons, including children, who have immigrated within the last 5 years from areas that have a high TB incidence.

Which 5 countries are least affected by TB?

Canada, the United States of America, Australia & New Zealand also have among the lowest rates. In these countries the incident rate is less than 10 cases per 100,000 population per year. Countries with a very low incident rate tend to have different aims with regard to TB, compared to the high incidence countries.

Is TB common in China?

Tuberculosis is one of China's major public health problems. According to the 2015 WHO estimates, China has the world's third largest number of tuberculosis cases, behind only India and Indonesia, comprising around 10% of the world total.

What is the main cause of tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It's spread when a person with active TB disease in their lungs coughs or sneezes and someone else inhales the expelled droplets, which contain TB bacteria.

Is there a vaccine for tuberculosis?

The BCG vaccine protects against tuberculosis, which is also known as TB. TB is a serious infection that affects the lungs and sometimes other parts of the body, such as the brain (meningitis), bones, joints and kidneys.

How can tuberculosis be avoided?

Wash your hands after coughing or sneezing. Don't visit other people and don't invite them to visit you. Stay home from work, school, or other public places. Use a fan or open windows to move around fresh air.

Who is prone to tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis mostly affects adults in their most productive years. However, all age groups are at risk. Over 95% of cases and deaths are in developing countries. People who are infected with HIV are 18 times more likely to develop active TB (see TB and HIV section below).

Is tuberculosis curable now?

With treatment, TB can almost always be cured. A course of antibiotics will usually need to be taken for 6 months. Several different antibiotics are used because some forms of TB are resistant to certain antibiotics.

How many cases of TB are in 2021?

A total of 7,860 TB cases were reported during 2021, 687 more than during 2020 (7,173) and 1,040 fewer than during 2019 (8,900) (Table 1).

Why is TB not considered a pandemic?

The fact remains that the countries with resources, funds, and technical capacity have not invested in the field of TB because the disease has not affected them. In contrast, COVID-19 has gained a great deal of attention from those same countries due to fear of the disease and its impact at home.

How prevalent is TB in the United States?

In fact, the U.S. TB rate during 2019 declined to the lowest level on record, 27 cases per million persons (1.6% decline from 2018) [1] However, the rate has plateaued near 30 cases per million population annually since 2013 [2, 3].

Is tuberculosis more common in black people?

The rate of TB disease among Black or African American persons is 3.4 cases per 100,000 persons. The TB case rate is 8 times higher for non-Hispanic Black or African American persons than for non-Hispanic White persons.

Why is tuberculosis common in Asia?

Several important factors contribute to the higher rates of TB among racial and ethnic minority groups, including Asian persons. These factors include being born in a country with a high rate of TB disease or travel to a country with a high rate of TB disease.

When was tuberculosis an epidemic?

Summary. Tuberculosis has claimed its victims throughout much of known human history. It reached epidemic proportions in Europe and North America during the 18th and 19th centuries, earning the sobriquet, “Captain Among these Men of Death.” Then it began to decline.

How did tuberculosis end?

In 1943 Selman Waksman discovered a compound that acted against M. tuberculosis, called streptomycin. The compound was first given to a human patient in November 1949 and the patient was cured.

How long is a TB shot good for?

There is limited data investigating the duration of protection from BCG vaccination, with some research suggesting protection lasts for 10 years but may decline over time.

What are the 3 types of tuberculosis?