Where does myeloma spread to first?

At first, the cells reproduce in the bone marrow of the spine. From there, they enter the bloodstream and travel to bone marrow in other parts of the body. They collect in the bone marrow and the hard, outer part of the bones. As this progression happens, the plasma cells can cause multiple tumors.

How fast does myeloma spread?

How quickly multiple myeloma progresses can vary between people. An older 2007 study of 276 people found that there was a 10% risk of progression in people with early multiple myeloma per year for the first 5 years of illness.

Where does multiple myeloma usually spread to?

In myeloma, the cells grow too much, crowding out normal cells in the bone marrow that make red blood cells, platelets, and other white blood cells. Multiple myeloma, the most common type of plasma cell tumor, develops in the bone marrow and can spread throughout the body.

Does multiple myeloma metastasize to other parts of the body?

In addition, these studies indicated that myeloma cells are not statically confined to the bone marrow. Instead, populations of myeloma cells are migrating from one region of the bone marrow to another. As such, myeloma cells “invade” and “metastasize” to new sites of bone marrow.

What is usually the first symptom of multiple myeloma?

Multiple myeloma causes many symptoms, but bone pain often is the first symptom people notice. Other symptoms include: Weakness in your arms and legs and/or a sensation of numbness in your arms and legs. Multiple myeloma can affect the bones in your spine, causing them to collapse and press on your spinal cord.

What Are The Stages Of Multiple Myeloma?

What are the red flags for multiple myeloma?

High blood levels of calcium

Extreme thirst, leading to drinking a lot. Urinating (peeing) a lot. Dehydration. Kidney problems and even kidney failure.

What bones does multiple myeloma affect first?

The bones most commonly affected are the spine, pelvis, ribs, skull, and the long bones of the arms and legs.

What organ is most affected by multiple myeloma?

Multiple myeloma, also known as myeloma, is a type of bone marrow cancer. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue found at the centre of some bones. It produces the body's blood cells. Multiple myeloma affects the plasma cells (a type of blood cell) inside the bone marrow.

What are the signs of worsening multiple myeloma?

As active multiple myeloma gets worse, you'll likely feel sicker, with fatigue or bone pain. You may have anemia, bleeding problems, or a lot of infections. Other symptoms of advanced multiple myeloma include unusual fractures, shortness of breath, weakness, feeling very thirsty, and belly pain.

What is the most frequent cause of death in a patient with multiple myeloma?

Infection is a major complication and a leading cause of death in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) [1]. The risk of infection is due to a multifactorial immunodeficiency caused by the disease itself and the treatment regimens given during the different phases of therapy [2].

How can you tell the difference between multiple myeloma and metastasis?

The radiological appearance of multiple myeloma is irregular lytic lesions of different sizes. Metastatic cancer is the most common malignant secondary bone tumor. Skeletal metastases are classified according to their radiologic appearance as osteoblastic, osteolytic, or mixed.

How long does it take multiple myeloma to progress?

Smoldering myeloma is a precancerous condition that alters certain proteins in blood and/or increases plasma cells in bone marrow, but it does not cause symptoms of disease. About half of those diagnosed with the condition, however, will develop multiple myeloma within 5 years.

When is myeloma untreatable?

But myeloma usually can't be cured, which means additional treatment is needed when the cancer comes back. Not everyone diagnosed with myeloma needs immediate treatment – for example, the condition may not be causing any problems. This is sometimes referred to as asymptomatic or smouldering myeloma.

How do you know what stage of myeloma you have?

Staging multiple myeloma is based on the results of blood and imaging tests. Results of other tests can also help determine the stage depending on the system used. Doctors use 2 systems to stage multiple myeloma: International Staging System (ISS)

What happens in Last Days of multiple myeloma?

But when you have late-stage multiple myeloma, your symptoms may show up as: Being sick to your stomach. Bone pain in your back or ribs. Bruising or bleeding easily.

What happens when multiple myeloma spreads to bones?

Multiple myeloma can weaken your bones and increase your risk of fractures and bone pain. Myeloma cells can form tumors within the bone marrow and spread from the marrow to damage the bone tissue.

What is the most common complication of multiple myeloma?

Does multiple myeloma affect walking?

Because multiple myeloma can affect your mobility, it puts you at a higher risk for injury or falling. This can make physical activity more challenging.

What triggers myeloma?

What Are Its Causes? Exposure to toxic chemicals, atomic radiation, anything that interferes with the immune system, or infection with cancer-causing viruses, may potentially be linked to the developing myeloma.

What are the two major cause of death in multiple myeloma?

To conclude, the majority of transplant-eligible MM patients died MM-dependent, with one-fifth of these cases caused by therapeutic side effects. Infections, SPM and GvHD were the most common therapy-related COD. Among MM progression-related COD infections, renal failure and cardiopulmonary failure were leading.

What is the most common site for bone disease in multiple myeloma?

Bone disease is observed in almost 80% of newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma patients, and spine is the bone site that is more frequently affected by myeloma-induced osteoporosis, osteolyses, or compression fractures.

What is end organ damage in myeloma?

End-organ damage is the factor that differentiates plasma cell dyscrasia requiring therapy (active multiple myeloma [MM]) from disease that does not require therapy (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering [asymptomatic] MM).

Where does bone pain start with myeloma?

Bone pain. Multiple myeloma can cause pain in affected bones – usually the back, ribs or hips. The pain is frequently a persistent dull ache, which may be made worse by movement.

What is myeloma bone pain like?

Bone pain and damage

Up to 70 out of every 100 people (70%) have pain when they are diagnosed with myeloma. People mostly describe the pain as dull or aching, and it is often felt in the lower back or ribs.It might feel like there is pain in your muscles too.

Where does your back hurt with multiple myeloma?

Bone pain is a common symptom. Myeloma cells grow in the bone marrow and cortical bone, causing local bone damage or generalized thinning of the bone, which is called osteoporosis. This makes the bone more likely to break. The back or ribs are the most common sites of bone pain, but any bone can be affected.