What is the first line treatment for a patient with a myocardial infarction?

The early treatment of acute myocardial infarction consists of ensuring the patient is in an environment in which defibrillation is possible and then reducing the size of the potential infarct by re-opening the occluded coronary artery.

What is the best treatment for myocardial infarction?

The treatment of MI includes, aspirin tablets, and to dissolve arterial blockage injection of thrombolytic or clot dissolving drugs such as tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase or urokinase in blood within 3 h of the onset of a heart attack.

What is the first intervention for a patient experiencing MI?

Patients who are suspected of having an acute MI should be treated promptly. The AHA recommends that patients suspected of acute MI receive initial assessment and an EKG within 10 minutes of arrival to the emergency department.

What treatment is indicated in the first 12 hours of myocardial infarction?

Alteplase, reteplase and streptokinase need to be given within 12 hours of symptom onset, ideally within one hour. Tenecteplase should be given as early as possible and usually within six hours of symptom onset.

Which drug administered first in patients with heart attack?

ACE-inhibitors after large heart attacks have increased survival. Examples of ACE-inhibitors include lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), ramipril (Altace), captopril (Capoten), quinapril (Accupril) and enalapril (Vasotec).

Myocardial Infarction (MI,Heart Attack) Treatment in Emergency | Step wise STEMI Management USMLE

What meds are given post MI?

Cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors (e.g., aspirin) and adenosine diphosphate receptor (P2Y₁₂) antagonists (e.g., clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel) are routinely prescribed platelet inhibitors post-MI [39].

Which injection is given immediately after a heart attack?

Thrombolytic drugs, also called “clot busters” or fibrinolytics, are used immediately after a heart attack. They may be used when angioplasty can't be done to widen the blood vessel and improve blood flow to the heart. A doctor may also prescribe thrombolytic therapy in conjunction with surgery.

Why is Asa given for MI?

Aspirin is now widely accepted as an essential component in the early treatment of acute MI. The giving of aspirin by a health professional on first contact with a patient who has chest pain and who is suspected to have a MI or acute coronary syndrome is therefore recommended,^6,7 and has become accepted practice.

Why are ACE inhibitors used after MI?

A meta-analysis concluded that administration of an ACE inhibitor within 3 to 16 days of infarction can slow the progression of cardiovascular disease and improve the survival rate (figure 1) [1].

Which treatment is used first for the patient with a confirmed MI to open the blocked artery within 90 minutes of arrival to the facility?

PCI is the first choice for the treatment of STEMI, if it is available. The goal is to open the artery within 90 minutes of the patient first receiving care by emergency medical workers, including ambulance personnel.

Which is the priority management of a patient with MI?

All patients with a suspected myocardial infarction should be given aspirin. It is a powerful antiplatelet drug, with a rapid effect, which reduces mortality by 20%. Aspirin, 150-300 mg, should be swallowed as early as possible.

Why is aspirin administered as a first line medication in ACS?

In acute coronary syndrome, thrombotic stroke, and Kawasaki's disease, acute use of aspirin can decrease mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events. As secondary prevention, aspirin is believed to be effective in acute coronary syndrome, stable angina, revascularization, stroke, TIA, and atrial fibrillation.

How can you treat a patient with previous myocardial infarction?

What does nitroglycerin do for the heart?

Nitroglycerin is in a class of medications called vasodilators. It works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not need to work as hard and therefore does not need as much oxygen.

Which cardiac finding should be treated as an acute MI?

Key Points. Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is myocardial necrosis resulting from acute obstruction of a coronary artery. Symptoms of acute myocardial infarction include chest pain or discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis.

Why is lisinopril given after MI?

Following establishment of its efficacy in hypertension and congestive heart failure, the ACE inhibitor lisinopril has now been shown to reduce mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with myocardial infarction when administered as early treatment.

Why are beta blockers given after MI?

For patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), beta blocker therapy reduces infarct size and early mortality when started early and lowers the risk of death when continued long term.

Which ACE inhibitor is best post MI?

Most randomized trials have demonstrated that angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy with captopril, enalapril, ramipril, trandolapril, or zofenopril started within 24 hours to 16 days following an acute MI improves the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at one month to one year [1-14].

Why is heparin given for MI?

The roles of heparin and warfarin in reducing morbidity and mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are reviewed. Full-dose i.v. heparin, with or without thrombolytic therapy, is indicated for the prevention of reinfarction and thromboembolism after AMI.

Why is clopidogrel given for MI?

Clopidogrel reduces the risk of death and cardiovascular complications in patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic disease, in the setting of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and in patients with unstable angina or non-STEMI.

Why is Plavix and aspirin used together?

Aspirin combined with clopidogrel has been shown to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events in patients at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as in those with acute coronary syndrome.

Why is heparin given after a heart attack?

Heparin prevents the formation and growth of blood clots by inhibiting the action of clotting factors that cement the clumps of platelets together. Heparin is given either intravenously or as a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection.

What is the treatment after heart attack?

Hospitals commonly use techniques to restore blood flow to part of the heart muscle damaged during a heart attack: You might receive clot-dissolving drugs (thrombolysis), balloon angioplasty (PCI), surgery or a combination of treatments.

Which of the following drugs doses is an effective first aid treatment for a heart attack?

Call 999. Sit them down with head and shoulders supported, knees bent. Give 300mg of aspirin to chew.

What drugs reduce mortality after MI?

ACE inhibitors reduce mortality rates after myocardial infarction. Administer ACE inhibitors as soon as possible as long as the patient has no contraindications and remains in stable condition. ACE inhibitors have the greatest benefit in patients with ventricular dysfunction.