What is the best base under concrete?

The best sub-base

sub-base

In highway engineering, subbase is the layer of aggregate material laid on the subgrade, on which the base course layer is located. It may be omitted when there will be only foot traffic on the pavement, but it is necessary for surfaces used by vehicles.

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Subbase (pavement) - Wikipedia

for a concrete slab is gravel. The soil has to be prepped first before the gravel can be laid down; pouring concrete directly onto rock is not considered a best practice. You can use different kinds of gravel for the subbase as long as it is clean and uniform in shape and size.

What do you put under concrete slab?

What Material is Used for a Slab Base? The base in concrete construction is usually a form of crushed stone. Most concrete contractors want a mix of coarse and fine aggregate to create a compactable base that is going to be safe for settlement and drainage.

What is the best fill under concrete?

The top 6 to 12 inches of the backfill under the slab should be filled and compacted with well-graded gravel or crushed material. “Walls are typically backfilled with the removed earth or with a granular, open-graded material,” says Tull.

Is gravel or sand better under concrete?

As a general rule, stay away from using sand as a subbase. You're better off using gravel; your concrete will last longer and have less of a chance of cracking over time.

What happens if you don't put gravel under concrete?

Because concrete is a very porous material, it will absorb any moisture that it contacts. This can cause pooling. Without crushed stone, pooling water will settle under it and erode your slab. Adding a layer of crushed stone will add proper drainage, as well as create a barrier between your slab and the ground.

Concrete basics for Beginners from top to bottom, ground prep, rebar, sealing

Do you need gravel under concrete?

You do need gravel under a concrete slab, footing, or patio. Gravel provides a solid foundation for your concrete as it can be compacted. It also improves drainage, preventing water from pooling beneath the concrete.

Can I pour concrete directly on dirt?

Long story short, yes you can pour concrete over dirt.

Can you pour concrete directly on sand?

Pour concrete over a solid, well-drained base

Because concrete slabs “float” on the soil, soft ground or voids underneath may cause unsupported areas to crack under heavy weight like vehicles. Pack about 4 in. of sand or gravel over clay and other poorly draining soils to provide even support.

What is the best backfill material?

The best material for the backfilling of a retaining wall is gravel, and it should be well graded. The main reason for using gravel is because it does not retain water (small void ratio); hence lateral loads experienced will be minimal. You should also have weep holes for draining excess water that may be retained.

Do you need hardcore for concrete base?

You can't lay a concrete base directly onto soft ground, so a hardcore sub-base is essential.

Can I pour concrete over gravel?

Cement mix might work in some cases over an existing gravel driveway. Laying a concrete driveway over an existing gravel one is possible, but it is not generally recommended. The kind of gravel that is intended to go under cement is typically a smaller grade than what is used for gravel driveways.

How deep does a concrete base need to be?

In terms of how thick (or deep) your concrete shed base needs to be, we'd recommend it's a least 75mm deep – that's enough for most garden sheds.

How much base is needed for a concrete slab?

Excavate the slab area to a depth of about 7 inches, allowing 3 inches for a gravel base and 4 inches for concrete.

Can I pour concrete over rock?

Big rocks are not a problem as long as there is uniform concrete coverage and adequate rebar for temperature fluctuations. If the big rocks protrude up above grade and if you have a few in a row, it will weaken the slab. We like things uniform, including the grade, thickness of the concrete, etc.

Is sandy soil good base for concrete?

Sand does not take on water like clay and peat. This means that a concrete foundation constructed on sandy soil does not generally have an increased risk of cracking as a result of fluctuating water content in the surrounding ground. However, there is another potential problem with sand.

Can I use sharp sand as a sub-base?

We recommend laying sharp sand to the thickness of 10/15mm . The sand is only there to blind the top of your sub-base, so it should be firm.

What is the best base for concrete driveway?

The best sub-base for a concrete slab is gravel. The soil has to be prepped first before the gravel can be laid down; pouring concrete directly onto rock is not considered a best practice. You can use different kinds of gravel for the subbase as long as it is clean and uniform in shape and size.

Do you need a rebar for a 4 inch slab?

For 4” concrete slabs used for driveways and patios, #3 rebar is common. Driveways that will support daily traffic by heavy trucks frequently use 1/2″ or #4 steel bar.

How long does it take for 4 inches of concrete to cure?

The general rule of thumb is that concrete takes about 28 days to dry for every inch of slab thickness. Within 24 to 48 hours, the concrete will be ready for foot traffic.

Should I water ground before pouring concrete?

It will expand when wet and shrink when dry and your concrete slab will be a disaster. Best to get as much clay removed as possible, compact the sub-grade evenly, and make sure to water the ground before placing the concrete.

How thick should a concrete slab be?

Standard concrete floor slab thickness in residential construction is 4 inches. Five to six inches is recommended if the concrete will receive occasional heavy loads, such as motor homes or garbage trucks.

How much sand and gravel do I need for a yard of concrete?

An average 1:2:3 mix contains one part cement, two parts sand and three parts gravel. To make 1 cubic yard of concrete, you'd need seven 94-pound bags of cement, about 1/2 cubic yard of sand and just over 3/4 cubic yard of gravel. The amount of water you use depends on how wet the sand is.