What is Rhinosporidiosis?

Rhinosporidiosis is a rare, infectious, chronic granulomatous disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an endosporulating microorganism. It has recently been classified in the taxonomic group, mesomycetozoea, which is a group of microorganisms at the boundary between fish and fungi.

What are the symptoms of rhinosporidiosis?

Nasal rhinosporidiosis may present with unilateral nasal obstruction or epistaxis. Other symptoms may include local pruritus, coryza with sneezing, rhinorrhea, and postnasal discharge (drip) with cough. Patients often report a sensation that a foreign body is present in their nasal canal.

Is rhinosporidiosis fungal infection?

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by the hydrophilic agentRhinosporidium seeberi. Although traditionally regarded as a fungus, it is now considered a protistan parasite belonging to the class Mesomycetozoea.

What fungus causes rhinosporidiosis?

Rhinosporidiosis is an infection caused by a fungi Rhinosporidium seeberi. It is generally acquired by bathing in ponds contaminated by animal feces, but still there is no proven theory[1] about the complete life cycle of the organism.

How do you treat rhinosporidiosis?

Rhinosporidiosis is treated with surgical excision because, generally, medical treatment has not been proven effective. However, multiple reports of successful treatment of individuals with long courses of dapsone have been published. This drug may be useful in individuals with multisite rhinosporidiosis.

What Is Rhinosporidiosis??

How is rhinosporidiosis diagnosed?

Rhinosporidiosis is diagnosed by identifying the typical structures of R seeberi directly on microscopic examination. This includes examination of smears of macerated tissue or histology of prepared biopsy sample sections.

Why is dapsone used in rhinosporidiosis?

Dapsone is a trusted drug in disseminated cases and, when it is well tolerated, it not only treats the current infection, but also reduces chances of recurrence [14].

Is Aspergillus contagious to humans?

But people who have a weakened immune system from illness or immunosuppressant medications have fewer infection-fighting cells. This allows aspergillus to take hold, invading the lungs and, in the most serious cases, other parts of the body. Aspergillosis is not contagious from person to person.

What is mucormycosis and what area of the body is most commonly infected?

Mucormycosis mainly affects people who have health problems or take medicines that lower the body's ability to fight germs and sickness. It most commonly affects the sinuses or the lungs after inhaling fungal spores from the air. It can also occur on the skin after a cut, burn, or other type of skin injury.

What type of infection is histoplasmosis?

Histoplasmosis is an infection caused by a fungus called Histoplasma. The fungus lives in the environment, particularly in soil that contains large amounts of bird or bat droppings.

What causes Lobomycosis?

Lobomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that primarily occurs in tropical climates of Latin America. The causative organism is Lacazia loboi (formerly Loboa loboi), a dimorphic fungus found in soil, vegetation, and water.

What causes Chromoblastomycosis?

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The infection usually results from a traumatic injury and inoculation of microorganism from a specific group of dematiaceous fungi (usually Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Cladophialophora carrionii).

What causes Paracoccidioidomycosis?

Paracoccidioidomycosis is an infection caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides. This fungus lives in parts of Central and South America. Anyone who lives in or visits areas where Paracoccidioides lives can get paracoccidioidomycosis, but it most often affects men who work outdoors in rural areas.

In what part of the United States is blastomycosis endemic?

In the United States, the fungus mainly lives in the midwestern, south-central, and southeastern states, particularly in areas surrounding the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys, the Great Lakes, and the Saint Lawrence River.

What is nasal Myiasis?

Introduction. The larvae of flies in the nose detected as nasal myiasis (1), is an infestation of the bad nasal hygiene cavities, by Diptera of genus Chrysomia. This is more common in tropical countries. Atrophic rhinitis is one of the important factors for this problem.

What is a Rhinolith?

Rhinolith (from the Greek rhino meaning nose, and lithos meaning stone) are rare. They are calcareous concretions that are formed by the deposition of salts on an intranasal foreign body.

Can mucormycosis be cured?

Successful management of mucormycosis requires early diagnosis, reversal of underlying predisposing risk factors, surgical debridement and prompt administration of active antifungal agents. However, mucormycosis is not always amenable to cure.

How do I know if I have mucormycosis?

The infected area may turn black. Other symptoms include pain, warmth, excessive redness, or swelling around a wound. Tends to occur in people who are already sick from other medical conditions, which makes it difficult to identify which symptoms are related to mucormycosis.

Where does mucormycosis come from?

Mucormycetes, the group of fungi that cause mucormycosis, are present throughout the environment, particularly in soil and in association with decaying organic matter, such as leaves, compost piles, and animal dung. They are more common in soil than in air, and in summer and fall than in winter or spring.

What are the first signs of Aspergillus?

Is Aspergillus black mold?

The fungus Aspergillus niger is a type of mould, which can sometimes be attributed to the cause of some cases of pneumonia. It is also the causative agent of 'black mould' on the outsides of certain foods, such as apricots, onions, grapes, etc - therefore making Aspergillus niger a food 'spoilage' organism.

How do you get rid of Aspergillus in your lungs?

Antifungal medications.

These drugs are the standard treatment for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The most effective treatment is a newer antifungal drug, voriconazole (Vfend). Amphotericin B is another option. All antifungal drugs can have serious side effects, including kidney and liver damage.

Is Rhinosporidium seeberi a parasite?

Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, which causes slow-growing tumor-like masses in the nasal cavity. Although once thought to be a fungus, molecular methods have identified this organism as an aquatic protistan parasite (class Mesomycetozoea).

What causes sporotrichosis?

Sporotrichosis (also known as “rose gardener's disease”) is an infection caused by a fungus called Sporothrix. This fungus lives throughout the world in soil and on plant matter such as sphagnum moss, rose bushes, and hay. People get sporotrichosis by coming in contact with the fungal spores in the environment.

What is Ethmoidal polyp?

Definition. A polyp that arises from the ethmoid sinus mucosa. It is characterized by the presence of edematous tissue infiltrated by inflammatory cells, including eosinophils. Causes include allergic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis, and cystic fibrosis. [ from NCI]