What is DOTS and DOTS Plus?

DOTS Plus refers to a DOTS program that adds components for MDR TB diagnosis, management, and treatment. The WHO-endorsed DOTS Plus program began in 2000. At that time, the Green Light Committee (GLC) was established to promote access to high quality second line drugs for appropriate use in TB control programs.

How is DOTS-Plus different from DOTS?

Under optimal conditions, 40 fewer patients would die with multidrug resistant tuberculosis under DOTS-plus than under DOTS, but also in four deaths due to highly drug resistant tuberculosis that would not have occurred under DOTS. Overall, optimal DOTS-plus would result in 10% fewer deaths than DOTS.

What is DOTS-plus for TB treatment?

The DOTS-Plus strategy (the strategy to be tested) includes additional measures including continuous drug resistance surveillance, culture, drug susceptibility testing for TB patients, and tailoring of individual drug regimen through the use of first and second-line drugs.

What is DOTS program?

Directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS, also known as TB-DOTS) is the name given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. According to WHO, "The most cost-effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is by curing it.

What is PMDT?

The programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (PMDT) can be defined as “all associated functions related to providing services based in the TB strategy in order to achieve the targets set for drug-resistant TB in the Global Plan to Stop TB 2011–2015” (1).

DOTS - Anti-tubercular Treatment - made easy

What is the best test to detect TB?

The TB skin test, also known as the Mantoux tuberculin skin test, is the most common way doctors diagnose tuberculosis. They'll inject a tiny amount of fluid called tuberculin just below the skin in your forearm. It contains some inactive TB protein. You should feel a small prick from the needle.

What is DOTS in Rntcp?

Introduction: Directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) strategy is one of the vital components of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) came into existence in 1997. Directly observed treatment providers (DOT providers) are the grass root level link between program and clients.

What is the first-line drug for TB?

First-line agents for treatment of active TB consist of isoniazid, a rifamycin (rifampin or [less frequently] either rifapentine or rifabutin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol; in addition, moxifloxacin is a first-line agent when administered in combination with isoniazid, rifapentine, and pyrazinamide [6].

How do you take TB medicine?

This medicine should be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, with a full of glass of water. It is important to take this medicine on a regular schedule. If this medicine upsets your stomach, take it with food. Antacids may also help.

What are the five components of DOTS?

Abstract. Directly Observed Therapy Shortcourse (DOTS) is composed of five distinct elements: political commitment; microscopy services; drug supplies; surveillance and monitoring systems and use of highly efficacious regimens; and direct observation of treatment.

What is the full form of DOTS?

The full form of DOTS is the Directly Observed Therapy, Short-course. It is also known as TB – DOTS. It refers to a strategy aimed at curing and reducing the risk of TB (tuberculosis) cases.

Which drugs are given in DOTS?

DOTS involved treatment with a four drug regimen. These were isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (Rif), Prazinamide (PZA) and Ethambutol (EMB) for 6-9 months.

How do you know if TB treatment is working?

After taking TB medicine for several weeks, a doctor will be able to tell TB patients when they are no longer able to spread TB germs to others. Most people with TB disease will need to take TB medicine for at least 6 months to be cured.

What is Dot treatment tuberculosis?

What is DOT? DOT means that a trained health care worker or other designated individual (excluding a family member) provides the prescribed TB drugs and watches the patient swallow every dose.

Who makes Bedaquiline?

TITUSVILLE, NJ, August 9, 2019 — The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for SIRTURO^® (bedaquiline) tablets as part of combination therapy in pediatric patients – those over the age of 12 and younger than 18 and ...

What is Mdrtb?

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by an organism that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease.

What are the 3 types of tuberculosis?

Which food is good for TB patients?

Foods Rich in Vitamin A, C and E

Fruits and vegetables like orange, mango, sweet pumpkin and carrots, guava, amla, tomato, nuts and seeds are an excellent source of Vitamin A, C and E. These foods must be included in the daily diet regime of a TB patient.

What are the 3 stages of tuberculosis?

There are 3 stages of TB—exposure, latent, and active disease. A TB skin test or a TB blood test can diagnose the disease. Treatment exactly as recommended is necessary to cure the disease and prevent its spread to other people.

What are 3 drugs for TB?

Can TB patient take paracetamol?

Precautions while taking TB treatment

Alcohol and paracetamol can interfere with the medications. Drinking alcohol or taking paracetamol while you are on TB medications can cause reactions or side effects, which may damage your health. It is recommended that you avoid alcohol during your treatment.

What is the second line drug for TB?

Kanamycin, Capreomycin and Amikacin are injectable second-line. Bedaquiline and Delamanid are new drugs. Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Thioamides, Cycloserine, Para-aminosalicylic acid, Streptomycin, and Clofazimine are possibly effective.

How many types of DOTS are there?

Directly Observed Treatment, Short- course (DOTS) is the most effective way to ensure cure. There are three categories of treatment: Categories I, II and III and each has an Intensive Phase and Continuation Phase. During the Intensive Phase, you must directly observe the patient swallowing every dose of medicine.

Why is TB treated with 4 drugs?

Regimens for the treatment of TB disease must contain multiple drugs to which the bacteria are susceptible. The standard of care for initiating treatment of TB disease is four-drug therapy. Treatment with a single drug can lead to the development of a bacterial population resistant to that drug.

Why is it called 99 DOTS?

The scheme is called 99 DOTS because it has 99% chances of cure of the patients taking the medical course. Under this initiative, medicines for 28 days will be given to the patient and there will be a tab on the consumpion of the medicines.