What does N N mean in horses?

Normal (N/N) offspring can be safely bred without fear of HYPP being inherited. Selective breeding to normal (N/N) horses could entirely eliminate HYPP disease. As HYPP is inherited as a dominant condition, it can and is being spread to other breeds.

What does HYPP N N mean?

To elucidate, suppose a mare has tested “HYPP H/N.” This means she is heterozygous, or carries one copy of the HYPP gene. Breeding her to a normal sire, or HYPP N/N, will result in a 50 percent chance the offspring will carry the HYPP gene (HYPP H/N) and a 50 percent chance of the foal being normal.

What is a 5 panel NN horse?

The 5-panel is test for five different genetic diseases found in quarter horses and other stock horse breeds. The diseases tested for in the 5-panel are PSSM1, HERDA, GBED, HYPP, and MH.

What is my n in horses?

Quick Summary. Myosin-heavy chain myopathy (MYHM) is a muscle disease in Quarter Horses and related breeds that results in two distinct clinical disease presentations, immune-mediated myositis (IMM) and non-exertional rhabdomyolysis.

What does PSSM1 N mean?

Type of Test

Health. Test Result. Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM1) N/N.

What Does That Mean? Subtle Signs of Stress in Your Horse

Should you breed a horse with PSSM1?

Thus any time a horse with PSSM1 is bred there is a minimum chance of 50% of an affected foal being born even if the selected mate is completely normal. The risk of producing an affected offspring when breeding a horse with PSSM1 is much higher because it is a dominant disease.

What is N P2 in horses?

This stallion is heterozygous (n/P2), meaning that he has one normal copy of the MYOT gene and one copy with the P2 mutation. If the stallion is bred to a mare that is clear (n/n) for the P2 allele, the Punnett square below shows the odds. Gametes (sperm and eggs) contain a single copy of each gene in the horse.

What is IMM in Quarter Horses?

Equine immune-mediated myositis (IMM) is a disease occurring in Quarter horses and QH-related breeds that typically causes rapid and severe symmetrical wasting of the topline muscles, often following exposure to or vaccination against respiratory infection by Streptococcus equi, the organism responsible for equine “ ...

What causes equine recurrent uveitis?

Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU), or “moon blindness,” is the most common cause of blindness in horses. Studies done at NC State College of Veterinary Medicine and elsewhere have determined that the cause of ERU is an over-reaction of the horse's immune system, which causes inflammation in the eye.

What is IMM and MYH1 in horses?

MYH1 Myopathy (MYHM) has two clinical presentations; Immune mediated myositis (IMM), an autoimmune disease characterized by rapid onset of muscle atrophy (wasting) along the topline and hindquarters. Nonexertional rhabdomyolysis, or “tying up”, characterized by severe muscle damage without signs of muscle atrophy.

What does N GBED mean?

Glycogen branching enzyme deficiency (GBED) is a disorder first recognized by clinicians at the University of Minnesota that causes muscle weakness in Quarter Horse and related breeds. The clinical presentation of this disease is variable. Late term abortion or stillbirth is described for GBED.

What bloodlines carry GBED?

Although popular in the past, the King bloodline is now known to be linked to GBED, or glycogen-branching enzyme disorder. This fatal disease has afflicted Quarter Horse foals for many decades. King, also referred to as King-P234, was an exceptional bay stallion born in 1932.

What does HERDA N HR mean?

Inheritance and Transmission of HERDA

Normal – horse does not have the HERDA gene. N/Hr. Carrier – horse carries one copy of the HERDA gene, but is not affected by the disease. Hr/Hr. Affected – horse has two copies of the HERDA gene and will be affected by the disease.

Do all Impressive horses have HYPP?

Not all horses of that line had HYPP, but all horses with HYPP were descended from Impressive himself. In 1994, a genetic test that utilized DNA from hair or blood, was perfected, this determined whether a horse had HYPP or not.

Should you breed a horse with HYPP?

You should refrain from breeding HYPP horses for the long-term health of the Quarter Horse and other related breeds. Breeding an affected horse to a normal horse will result in a 50 percent chance of producing a foal with HYPP.

Is Impressive still alive?

Impressive (April 15, 1969 – March 20, 1995) was born an Appendix American Quarter Horse, who earned his full AQHA registration in 1971. He was the 1974 World Champion Open Aged halter stallion, the first such World Champion in his breed, despite carrying only 48 halter points in total.

Does uveitis ever go away?

Sometimes uveitis goes away quickly, but it can come back. And sometimes it's a chronic (long-term) condition. It can affect 1 eye or both eyes. Uveitis can cause vision loss if it isn't treated — so it's important to see your eye doctor right away if you have symptoms.

How do you treat uveitis in horses?

What does uveitis look like in horses?

Ocular signs frequently observed in acute anterior uveitis cases are chemosis (injection of the blood vessels around the eye), miosis (closed pupil) and aqueous flare (milky appearance to the inside of the eye). The iris may take a green-yellowish appearance.

How common is IMM in horses?

HOW COMMON IS IMM? Immune mediated myositis is rare in horses outside of the Quarter Horse-related breeds and it is the most common cause of rapid atrophy of the topline in Quarter and Paint horses.

What is RER horse?

Recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER) is an intermittent form of tying-up in horses that appears to involve an abnormality in intracellular calcium regulation as the possible cause. At present, there is no specific diagnostic test for RER.

What is PSSM1 and PSSM2 in horses?

PSSM1 is more commonly observed in Quarter Horses, related breeds such as Paints and Appaloosas, and draft breeds, although cases have been reported in more than 20 breeds. Polysaccharide storage myopathy type 2 (PSSM2) also results in abnormal glycogen storage in muscle, but horses do not have the GYS1 mutation.

Can a horse have PSSM1 and PSSM2?

Can a horse have both PSSM1 and PSSM2? A10. PSSM1 and PSSM2/MFM are the names of diseases. A horse can have multiple variants (for example, n/P1 n/P2 n/P3 n/P4), but by definition, if this horse has symptoms of exercise intolerance and tests positive for GYS1-R309H (n/P1 or P1/P1), it has PSSM1.

What is the difference between PSSM1 and PSSM 2?

There are different types of PSSM: PSSM1 and PSSM2. PSSM1 is a well-defined syndrome with an established genetic background, and PSSM2 is a generic term for other muscular diseases that also involve the abnormal accumulation of sugar in muscle cells but do not include the genetic defect that causes PSSM1.

What breeds get PSSM?

PSSM is most prevalent in American Quarter Horses and their related breeds (Paint horse, Appaloosa, Appendix Quarter Horse), Draft horse breeds (especially Belgian Draft and Percherons), and Warmblood breeds. The Belgian Draft been shown to have a 36% prevalence of PSSM.