What does a cripple do in construction?

Cripple studs are non-structural but provide a nailing base for siding or interior wall coverings. Spaced 16 or 24 inches on center, they carry the regular wall stud layout across the framed opening. Both cripple studs and cripple rafters are made from the same stock as other studs and rafters—they're just cut shorter.

What is the purpose of a cripple wall?

Wooden floors and stud walls are sometimes built on top of an exterior foundation to support a house and create a crawl space. These are called cripple walls and they carry the weight of the house. During an earthquake, these walls can collapse if they are not braced to resist horizontal movement.

What is a cripple stud in carpentry?

cripple stud – a stud located either above or below a framed opening, that does not run the full height of the wall. post or column − a doubled or other integral multiple of a group of studs nailed side by side. Posts in walls are used at point loads such as long spans near a wide window or sliding door, etc.

Are cripple studs necessary?

Cripple Studs – short studs installed above a header or below a window sill or saddle. If the header is tall enough to reach the top plate no cripple studs are required.

How many cripple studs are needed?

How many jack studs for a 18 foot opening:- as per general rules and guidelines, for a 18 foot garage door or opening, generally you will need 4 jack studs (trimmer) and 4 king studs at both end.

What is a cripple wall and how are they vulnerable in earthquakes? Home Earthquake Vulnerabilities

How do you nail a cripple to a header?

You can toenail the cripples into the sole plate with either two 8d or 12d nails on one side of the cripple and a third nail on the other side. Remember to place a cripple on each end of the sill plate and, if possible, space the middle cripple(s) on 16" center with the rest of the studs in the wall.

Where did the term cripple stud come from?

Crips street gang were so named when members started carrying a cane which gave the impression they were crippled. A cripple is a trimmer stud or joist which is shorter than full-length.

What is a cripple trimmer?

Trimmers are installed parallel to the primary floor or ceiling joists and support headers, which run perpendicular to the primary joists. It can also refer to a jack stud that supports a header above a window or door opening. Traditionally, a stud which was less than full length was sometimes referred to as a cripple.

What are crawl space cripple walls?

Cripple walls are the short wood stud walls that enclose a crawl space under the first floor. Cripple walls are used to support a dwelling between the concrete foundation and the floor of a dwelling and to elevate the dwelling above ground to allow access to the utility lines or to level a dwelling built on a slope.

What is the bottom stud in a wall called?

The studs are the vertical pieces that make up most of a wall's frame. The cavities between the studs are called bays (or stud bays). A horizontal piece at the bottom of the wall is called the bottom plate. The studs are nailed to this plate, which is nailed to the floor.

What is wall Bracing and its purpose?

Wall bracing is used to protect life by minimizing structural damage to a building in freak storms and earthquakes. All buildings are required to have some form of lateral bracing. Exterior and interior wall coverings are usually used with conventional light-frame construction.

What is a pony wall in a house?

A pony wall is nothing more than a short wall, and the term is often used interchangeably with “knee wall” or “cripple wall.” Pony walls, like regular walls, have top and bottom plates, that is, the horizontal members that the vertical studs fasten to.

Is the dwelling elevated on cripple stud walls?

Cripple walls are used to support a dwelling between the concrete foundation and the floor of a dwelling and to elevate the dwelling above ground to allow access to the utility lines or to level a dwelling built on a slope. Crawl space is the area created underneath the floor.

What is the maximum spacing for 2x4 studs?

In walls supporting only a roof and ceiling, 2x4 studs can be spaced up to 24 inches on-center, except for Utility grade (No. 3) studs.

How much does it cost to earthquake proof your house?

While there is not a standard cost for strengthening your home against earthquake damage, the range usually is about $3,000 to $7,000. Larger homes, those built on hillsides and those with basements and rooms over garages will typically cost more to retrofit.

What is the difference between a cripple and jack stud?

What's the difference between a jack stud and a cripple stud? While a jack stud is used to support the weight of the header, a cripple stud is cut to add additional framing above the door or window opening, and below a window.

What does a king stud do?

A king stud is a specialized type of stud which is used in post and beam construction to support an opening such as a door or window. Many building codes specifically require the use of king studs to make openings sturdier, and to increase overall structural stability.

Why are they called jack studs?

The jack stud is sometimes called a trimmer stud. The term “jack” derives from mid–16th century England, where it referred to a lad, knave, or common man: Jack: (1) A man of the common people, a lad, fellow, chap, especially a low-bred or ill-mannered fellow, a knave.

Why is cripple offensive?

cripple and crippled are not usually problematic when referring to an inanimate object or an animal. And cripple is unlikely to be deemed offensive as a verb, especially metaphorically, as in Failing to upgrade the computer system will cripple our business. See also retarded.

Is cripple politically correct?

This term is generally agreed to be offensive toward a person or group of people. We strongly recommend you do not use this term and instead use a term not usually thought to be offensive.

What is the shorter stud next to the door called?

Studs cut short to fit below or above window and door openings are called cripples.

What is toenailing in construction?

Toenailing — driving a nail at an angle — is a method often used to fasten wall studs to the sole plate, as illustrated. If you have trouble keeping the stud in position while nailing, lay a 2x4 spacer block behind it. Cut the block to equal the distance between the wall studs, typically 14 ½ or 22 ½ inches.

How do you attach cripple studs?

Lay the cripple studs in place. Nail through the top plates and the header into ends of the cripple studs. Nail through the plates into the ends of the king studs and through the sides of the king studs into the ends of the header. Nail through the top and bottom plates into each end of the common studs.

How strong is toe nailing?

TOE-NAILING

In contrast, toe-nailing produces a strong joint. The technique requires a pair of nails, driven at opposing 45-degree angles. It isn't suitable for all joints, as the grain of one workpiece needs to be at an angle to the other.

How do you brace a cripple wall?

Cripple walls are braced by nailing plywood sheathing to the inside of the walls that surround the crawlspace. A licensed contractor can complete a retrofit for houses with cripple walls shorter than four feet, or a skilled homeowner can do it, following a standard plan set.