What are the main chemical ingredients in the manufacture of pig iron?

Pig iron is an intermediate product and the first product of ironmaking produced during the smelting of iron ore. It is produced when liquid iron (hot metal) is cast in the pig moulds. Pig iron is basically an alloy of iron (Fe), carbon (C), silicon (Si), and manganese (Mn).

What are main ingredients in pig iron?

Overview. Pig iron is the product of smelting iron ore (also ilmenite) with a high-carbon fuel and reductant such as coke, usually with limestone as a flux. Charcoal and anthracite are also used as fuel and reductant.

How is pig iron manufactured?

Pig iron, also known as crude iron, is an intermediate product of the iron industry in the production of steel which is obtained by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace.

What chemicals are used to make iron?

Manufacture of iron. Iron is produced by reduction of iron ore, which is often a mixture of oxides, using carbon, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. While the blast furnace is the dominant reduction process other technologies are emerging which operate on a smaller scale.

What are the main steps and ingredients in the iron making process?

Iron is manufactured in a blast furnace. First, iron ore is mixed with coke and heated to form an iron-rich clinker called 'sinter'. Sintering is an important part of the overall process as it reduces waste and provides an efficient raw material for iron making. Coke is produced from carefully selected grades of coal.

Blast Furnace(Pig Iron Production)

How is pig iron converted into steel?

Another way to create steel from pig iron is the Bessemer process, which involves the oxidation of the impurities in the pig iron by blowing air through the molten iron in a Bessemer converter. The heat of oxidation raises the temperature and keeps the iron molten.

What is the content of carbon in pig iron?

Pig iron has a very high carbon content, typically 3.5–4.5%,[1] along with silica, Manganese, Sulphur, Phosphorus, Titanium and other trace elements.

Which ore is used for the manufacture of iron?

Raw Materials. The raw materials used to produce pig iron in a blast furnace are iron ore, coke, sinter, and limestone. Iron ores are mainly iron oxides and include magnetite, hematite, limonite, and many other rocks. The iron content of these ores ranges from 70% down to 20% or less.

How pig iron is produced in blast furnace?

Blast furnaces produce pig iron from iron ore by the reducing action of carbon (supplied as coke) at a high temperature in the presence of a fluxing agent such as limestone.

What is basic pig iron?

the primary alloy of iron. Basic pig iron is smelted in a blast furnace and transferred in liquid or solid form for conversion—mainly in open-hearth furnaces or oxygen converters—into steel.

What is cast iron composition?

cast iron, an alloy of iron that contains 2 to 4 percent carbon, along with varying amounts of silicon and manganese and traces of impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus.

What is pig iron and what is its main property?

Pig iron has a high carbon content, typically 3.5% - 4.5% along with small percentages of silicon, sulphur, manganese and phosphorous. This makes it brittle and only really useful for resmelting to make cast iron, wrought iron or, nowadays, steel.

What are the three raw materials in making of pig iron?

The three main raw materials used to make pig iron (which is the raw material needed to make steel) for primary steel production in a blast furnace are the processed iron ore, coke (residue left after heating coal in the absence of air, generally containing up to 90% carbon) and limestone (CaCO₃) or burnt lime (CaO), ...

Is pig iron pure iron?

Wrought iron is the purest form of iron.

Which compounds are used as iron ore for the production of pig iron?

Pig iron is produced by smelting of mainly hematite iron ore in blast furnaces.

Is pig iron different from cast iron?

(A) Cast iron is purest form of iron while pig iron is impure. (B) Cast iron has lower carbon content (3%) as compared to pig iron (4%) and is extremely hard and brittle. (C) Pig iron contains many impurities like S, P, Si and Mn while cast iron does not contain any impurity and can be cast into any shape.

What is the chemical formula for hematite?

Hematite (), also spelled as haematite, is a common iron oxide compound with the formula, Fe2O3 and is widely found in rocks and soils.

Why it is called pig iron?

The common mold shape that is used for ingots was with a branching structure formed within sand. This configuration is similar to the look of a litter of piglets suckling on a sow. Once the metal has hardened and cooled, the little ingots or "pigs" are broken into a thinner runner, hence the name "pig iron."

What is the content of carbon in pig iron Mcq?

Content: Pig Iron: Pig iron is the product obtained after smelting of calcined ore in a blast furnace. Pig iron has a very high carbon content, typically 3.5 - 4.5%.

Which element is added in pig iron to steel?

Fill a crucible with pig iron and carbon. Carbon can be made from charcoal or charred organic material such as bone or wood. The final carbon content of the steel is nearly impossible to predetermine, but filling the crucible three-quarters full with steel and the rest carbon is a good start.

How is carbon removed from pig iron?

Removal of carbon: The still impure molten iron is mixed with scrap iron (from recycling) and oxygen is blown on to the mixture. The oxygen reacts with the remaining impurities to form various oxides. The carbon forms carbon monoxide. Since this is a gas it removes itself from the iron!

How is pig iron converted into cast iron?

CAST IRON IS MADE FROM PIG IRON BY MELTING PIG IRON WITH IRON SCRAP AND COKE AND BY PASSING HOT AIT BLAST INTO THE MIXTURE. CAST IRON HAS 3% CARBON CONTENT LOWER THAN PIG IRON. CAST IRON IS HARD AND BRITTLE.