What are examples of microvascular complications?

Microvascular complications of diabetes are those long-term complications that affect small blood vessels. These typically include retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Retinopathy is divided into two main categories: Nonproliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy.

What is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes?

Diabetic retinopathy may be the most common microvascular complication of diabetes. It is responsible for ∼ 10,000 new cases of blindness every year in the United States alone.

What are the three main types of macrovascular complications seen in patients with diabetes?

Results: Macrovascular complications of T2DM include coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias and sudden death, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral artery disease. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in diabetic patients.

What causes the microvascular complications?

Microvascular complications are caused by chronic hyperglycemia, whereas macrovascular complications are caused by both chronic hyperglycemia and the consequences of insulin resistance.

What are microvascular conditions?

What is microvascular coronary disease? Microvascular Coronary disease (MCD) is the narrowing of the small blood vessels that branch off the coronary arteries and send oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. This decreases the amount of blood that goes to the heart muscle, which leads to chest pain (angina).

Diabetes 19, Microvascular Complications

What parts of the body are affected by microvascular complications?

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication that can affect the peripheral retina, the macula, or both and is a leading cause of visual disability and blindness in people with diabetes.

What are the symptoms of vascular problems?

What are the microvascular complications of hypertension?

Hypertension also seems to accelerate the development and progression of microvascular complications (nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy) of T2DM.

Is neuropathy a microvascular disease?

Classic microvascular pathologies include retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, but brain, myocardium, skin, and other tissues are also affected.

What does macrovascular mean?

Macrovascular disease: Disease of the large blood vessels, including the coronary arteries, the aorta, and the sizable arteries in the brain and in the limbs.

What are the two types of vascular complications of diabetes?

The vascular complications of diabetes are classified as either microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) or macrovascular, which includes coronary artery, peripheral, and cerebral vascular disease.

How can you prevent microvascular complications from diabetes?

Diabetic microvascular complications can be controlled with tight glycemic therapy, dyslipidemia management and blood pressure control along with renal function monitoring, lifestyle changes, including smoking cessation and low-protein diet.

What are the most common complications of diabetes?

Is peripheral vascular disease microvascular?

Abstract. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the leading cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputation. Microvascular disease (peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, or retinopathy) increases the risk of lower limb amputation in patients with established PAD.

Is hypertension a macrovascular complications of diabetes?

Thus, hypertension is a high-risk factor for both microvascular and macrovascular chronic diabetic complications.

What are three signs symptoms that can accompany peripheral vascular artery disease?

What type of doctor treats vascular problems?

Since vascular disease is a relatively common problem, there are many physicians who treat vascular disease. These include family practitioners and general internists, cardiologists, neurologists, nephrologists, radiologists and vascular surgeons.

What does vascular pain feel like?

Vascular pain is pain that is caused as a result of interruption of blood flow to a tissue or muscles. If you are experiencing lack of circulation, pain, or heaviness in certain areas, you might be having vascular pain. There also may be numbness, weakness, or a tingling feeling in the affected area.

What are the 5 types of diabetes?

What are the 4 types of diabetes?

Today there are four common types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), and gestational.

What are fatal complications of diabetes?

Diabetes is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation. Between 2000 and 2016, there was a 5% increase in premature mortality from diabetes. In 2019, diabetes was the ninth leading cause of death with an estimated 1.5 million deaths directly caused by diabetes.

Does metformin control blood sugar?

[1] Metformin (a biguanide derivative), by controlling blood glucose level decreases these complications. Metformin works by helping to restore the body's response to insulin. It decreases the amount of blood sugar that the liver produces and that the intestines or stomach absorb.

Which risk factor is associated with macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus?

Advanced age, duration of DM, male sex, hypertension, smoking and insulin treatment were the most significant risk factors for macrovascular complications in type 2 DM patients.

How does high blood sugar cause vascular damage?

Excess blood sugar decreases the elasticity of blood vessels and causes them to narrow, impeding blood flow. This can lead to a reduced supply of blood and oxygen, increasing the risk of high blood pressure and damage to large and small blood vessels.

Why would someone with diabetes have vascular problems?

People who have diabetes are more at risk of getting vascular disease because their blood sugar levels have spent prolonged periods of time being poorly controlled and higher than normal.