How can you distinguish between amelogenesis imperfecta and fluorosis?

Fluorosis can cause enamel hypomineralisation which can be either localised or generalised and presents as diffuse, linear or patchy white opacities without a clear boundary. Patients with Amelogenisis Imperfecta can present with hypomineralised or hypoplastic defects which tend to be generalised.

How do you distinguish between fluorosis and hypoplasia?

In other words, there is an insufficient or incomplete formation of the organic matrix, called hypoplasia. A qualitative anomaly occurs when the enamel has normal thickness, but presents changes in its translucency (hypomineralisation), and is called dental fluorosis.

How do you identify fluorosis?

What is the difference between Amelogenesis imperfecta and enamel hypoplasia?

Enamel Hypoplasia can be related either to hereditary causes, affecting all the teeth on both dentitions or acquired ones, involving one or more teeth (Figure 3). When Hypoplasia is related to a hereditary cause it can be also called Amelogenesis Imperfecta.

How is Amelogenesis imperfecta diagnosed?

How is amelogenesis imperfecta diagnosed? Amelogenesis imperfecta is typically diagnosed by a dentist. They will take a family history and perform an oral exam to assess the enamel. Your dentist will take X-rays both inside and outside your mouth, but usually the diagnosis can be made by visual examination.

ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA vs DENTAL FLUOROSIS

Which best describes amelogenesis imperfecta?

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a term for a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of conditions that affect the dental enamel, occasionally in conjunction with other dental, oral and extraoral tissues.

What is amelogenesis imperfecta?

Amelogenesis imperfecta is a disorder of tooth development. This condition causes teeth to be unusually small , discolored, pitted or grooved, and prone to rapid wear and breakage.

What is the difference between Hypomineralization and hypoplasia?

If a disturbance occurs during the secretion phase, the enamel defect is called hypoplasia. If it occurs during the mineralisation or maturation phase, it is called hypomineralisation. Often the cause is difficult to determine.

What is the difference between Hypomineralized and hypoplastic enamel?

The teeth with hypomineralization are sensitive and can cause children pain when eating, and these teeth typically start to deteriorate once they grow in. On the other hand, enamel hypoplasia is a condition where teeth have pits, grooves, and missing enamel. It can also result in smaller teeth.

What is fluorosis give its main symptoms?

Symptoms of fluorosis range from tiny white specks or streaks that may be unnoticeable to dark brown stains and rough, pitted enamel that is difficult to clean. Teeth that are unaffected by fluorosis are smooth and glossy. They should also be a pale creamy white.

How can you tell the difference between incipient caries and enamel hypoplasia?

Incipient caries are visible when the enamel is dry, but will virtually disappear when the enamel is wet. Hypocalcification remains visible wet or dry. Tactile analysis is the next step in diagnosis. If the surface feels smooth and looks shiny, the lesion is probably inactive.

Which teeth are most affected by fluorosis?

Permanent dentition is involved more in dental fluorosis than primary dentition. Maxillary teeth are more commonly affected than homologous mandibular teeth and maxillary central incisors are found to be the most commonly affected teeth, whereas first molars are the least commonly affected.

What stage of tooth development does fluorosis occur?

Furthermore, teeth are most susceptible to fluorosis when they are in the early maturation stage of enamel development (10).

What is fluorosis disease?

Fluorosis is a crippling disease resulted from deposition of fluorides in the hard and soft tissues of body. It is a public health problem caused by excess intake of fluoride through drinking water/food products/industrial pollutants over a long period.

Is enamel hypoplasia same as fluorosis?

This results in the formation of enamel with less mineralization. This hypomineralized enamel has altered optical properties and appears opaque and lusterless relative to normal enamel. Traditionally severe fluorosis has been described as enamel hypoplasia, however, hypoplasia does not occur as a result of fluorosis.

How does fluorosis occur?

Fluorosis occurs when fluoride interacts with mineralizing tissues, causing alterations in the mineralization process. In dental enamel, fluorosis causes subsurface hypomineralizations or porosity, which extend toward the dentinal-enamel junction as severity increases.

Is fluorosis a Hypomineralization?

Dental fluorosis is a pathologic condition characterized by hypomineralization of the enamel due to excessive exposure to fluoride during enamel mineralization. The level of hypomineralization and clinical appearance of the fluorotic enamel varies from mild to severe (Fig.

What is the difference between enamel hypoplasia and Hypocalcification?

However, hypoplasia describes enamel that is hard but thin and deficient in quantity, usually caused by genetics or exposure to certain substances while the teeth are developing. Hypocalcification describes enamel that is soft and undercalcified but normal in quantity.

Is Hypocalcification and Hypomineralization the same?

Enamel hypocalcification is a defect of tooth enamel in which normal amounts of enamel are produced but are hypomineralized. In this defect the enamel is softer than normal. Some areas in enamel are hypocalcified: enamel spindles, enamel tufts, and enamel lamellae.

What is Dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a disorder of tooth development. This condition causes the teeth to be discolored (most often a blue-gray or yellow-brown color) and translucent.

What is a Turner tooth?

An enamel defect in the permanent teeth caused by periapical inflammatory disease in the overlying primary tooth is referred to as Turner's tooth (also known as Turner's hypoplasia).

What is Hypomineralization of teeth?

Hypomineralisation is a condition that affects the outer layer (enamel) of your child's teeth. It occurs due to a disturbance during tooth development, either during pregnancy or in the first two years of life.

What are the stages of amelogenesis?

Enamel development (amelogenesis) can be broken down into four defined stages: presecretory, secretory, transition and maturation. The stages are defined by the morphology and function of the ameloblasts (Figure 1).

What stage of tooth development does amelogenesis imperfecta occur?

Amelogenesis is the formation of enamel on teeth and begins when the crown is forming during the advanced bell stage of tooth development after dentinogenesis forms a first layer of dentin. Dentin must be present for enamel to be formed.

Is amelogenesis imperfecta Generalised?

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a congenital disorder which presents with a rare abnormal formation of the enamel or external layer of the crown of teeth, unrelated to any systemic or generalized conditions. Enamel is composed mostly of mineral, that is formed and regulated by the proteins in it.