Which electrode is used in EOG?

Gold cup electrodes or silver–silver chloride electrodes can be used to monitor the EOG. An electrode is typically applied at the outer canthus of the right eye (ROC) and is offset 1 cm above the horizontal.

What are EOG electrodes?

An EOG is a signal produced by eye movements and recorded with electrodes positioned near the eyes. The EOG electrodes are placed 1 cm lateral to the left and right outer canthi, according to AASM guidelines. That placement is straightforward, and patients can do it themselves (Faust et al., 2019).

What is an EOG signal?

Electrooculography (EOG) is a technique for measuring the corneo-retinal standing potential that exists between the front and the back of the human eye. The resulting signal is called the electrooculogram. Primary applications are in ophthalmological diagnosis and in recording eye movements.

What are EOG used for?

The electro-oculogram (EOG) investigates abnormalities of the outermost layer of the retina, the retinal pigment epithelium, allowing the early diagnosis of some inherited macular diseases such as Best disease. The EOG is used to assess the function of the pigment epithelium.

How many electrodes are needed to measure the horizontal and vertical EOG properly?

Electro-oculography

Any eye movement changes the orientation of the dipole, and it is the movement of the dipole that is recorded as a potential difference between the two electrodes used to record the EOG.

EOG ELECTRODE PLACEMENT

What is EOG and ERG?

A little after the introduction of the ERG as a test of the state of the patient's retina, another diagnostic test called the electrooculogram (EOG) was introduced to the clinic (3). The EOG had advantages over the ERG in that electrodes did not touch the surface of the eye.

What is EEG and EOG?

Electroencephalogram (EEG) refers to the brain waves, whereas electrooculogram (EOG) represents the eyeblinking signals. Both the signals possess complexities and various artifacts when they are recorded. In order to use these signals in biometric and clinical applications, preprocessing needs to be done.

What is the full form of EOG?

End on Generation (EOG) is the system used on fully air conditioned Rajdhani and Shatabdi trains. The system comprises two power cars per train.

What is meant by D1 D2 in train?

D1, D2… are non - AC chair car coaches. You have to reserve the tickets for that and you will get seat no. for that. 3 seats in a row and same in the opposite.

Where is EOG in train?

What are EoG railway coaches? EoG railway coaches(also known as Luggage Brake and Generator Car ) are attached at either ends of the rake. i.e. One immediately after the locomotive and one at the end of all the passenger coaches.

What is p1 H1 in train?

H1 means AC first class and inside first class AC coach there are blocks of coupes and cabins defined by A,B,C,D etc. First AC cabin with 4 berths. First AC coupe cabin with 2 berths.

What are the electrodes used for ECG EEG and EMG measurement?

Surface Ag/AgCl electrodes are the most common and favoured electrodes in clinical measurements for recording biological signals such as ECG, EMG and EEG [16].

What is electro Retino graphy?

Definition. The electroretinogram (ERG) is a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of the retina in response to a light stimulus. The ERG arises from currents generated directly by retinal neurons in combination with contributions from retinal glia.

What is a-wave and b-wave in ERG?

The a-wave, sometimes called the “late receptor potential,” reflects the general physiological health of the photoreceptors in the outer retina. In contrast, the b-wave reflects the health of the inner layers of the retina, including the ON bipolar cells and the Muller cells (Miller and Dowling, 1970).

How an Electrooculogram is recorded?

Eye movements can be recorded using electrodes placed on the skin near the eyes. This kind of recording is an electrooculogram or EOG. An EOG records eye movement because of a voltage difference between the cornea and the retina (Figure 1).

Where should EOG electrodes be placed?

Place an electrode, with its long axis vertical, between the hairline and the corner of each eye, centering it to match the position of the pupil of the subject's eye. Place the third electrode in the center of the subject's forehead. Connect the EOG electrodes to the cable provided.

Is EOG invasive?

The electrical signal produced by the eye activity can be measured using the Electrooculography (EOG) technique, also a non-invasive, portable, easy to use and affordable technology [8].

What is coupe in 1st AC?

First AC (1A)

Compartment having 2 berths are called coupe and ones with 4 berths are called cabin. Each compartment has a door which passengers can lock from inside.

Is dl1 and D1 same?

TXDL1 is powered through the USB port at 5V but also if you need it you can use a DC-DC converter and feed through an external battery. BTSD1 is powered through the USB port at 5V but also if you need it you can use a DC-DC converter and feed through its RC transmitter or using an external battery.

What is D2 coach in train?

The second sitting coaches available in the train are D1, D2, and D3, sleeper coaches are S1 to S11, second tier coach as A1, third tier AC coaches as B1 to B4.

What is hog in locomotive?

Indian Railways has adopted an energy-efficient power supply system for coaches called Head On Generation (HOG) system wherein power supply is drawn from Over Head Equipment (OHE) through converters provided in electric locomotive (WAP-7/WAP-5) for coach AC, lighting, fans etc.

What is SLR in train coach?

The railways today offered 8000 SLR (seating cum luggage rake) coaches on lease for parcel purposes. NEW DELHI: The railways today offered 8000 SLR (seating cum luggage rake) coaches on lease for parcel purposes.

What is hog technology in trains?

The HOG technology is used to draw power directly from the electric traction to meet the requirements for devices running on electricity like air conditioners, electric bulbs, and fans. The HOG system does not require any diesel oil consumption and as such will reduce air pollution and also noise pollution.