How are carious lesions formed?

Although a wide range of organic acids can be generated by dental biofilm microorganisms, lactic acid is the predominant end-product from sugar metabolism and is considered to be the main acid involved in caries formation.

What causes carious?

Cavities, also called tooth decay or caries, are caused by a combination of factors, including bacteria in your mouth, frequent snacking, sipping sugary drinks and not cleaning your teeth well.

What is carious lesion?

Carious lesions where there is a visible macroscopic breakdown in the tooth surface (that is, a visible 'hole') and the area may have softened walls or floor. Dental caries (dental decay, tooth decay or 'cavities')

What are the 4 requirements for carious lesion development?

What is carious process?

The caries process is a continuum resulting from many cycles of demineralization and remineralization. Demineralization begins at the atomic level at the crystal surface inside the enamel or dentine and can continue unless halted with the end-point being cavitation.

Tooth decay and cavities - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology

Is the carious lesion most commonly found in elderly patients?

Myth #1. The first myth is that children are at the greatest risk of tooth decay. Dental caries is the most common chronic disease of childhood,^2,3 but older adults are at greater risk than children. Caries remains the most prevalent disease among older adults—affecting 93% of those age 65 or older.

How does periodontal disease develop?

It's typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—to build up on the teeth and harden. In advanced stages, periodontal disease can lead to sore, bleeding gums; painful chewing problems; and even tooth loss.

How do you prevent carious lesions?

Fluoride is still the most-effective caries-preventing anticaries and remineralizing agents. Toothpastes, chewing-gums, and rinses are very effective for fluoride delivery. Anti-microbial therapies acting on the biofilm may contribute to prevention. Fluoride at 0.04ppm in saliva can enhance remineralization.

What is early carious lesion?

At the early stages, caries lesion is non-cavitated (Figure 1 and Figure 2). It is macroscopically intact and is commonly referred to as an “incipient” or “white-spot” lesion.

How does an active lesion appear in the mouth?

Active lesions tend to be whitish or yellowish in color and opaque (non-glossy). Inactive lesions can be whitish or yellowish in color but tend to be shiny or glossy. Active lesions feel rough when the tip of the explorer is moved gently across their surface.

What are non carious lesions?

Noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) involve the loss of hard tissue from the cervical areas of teeth through processes unrelated to caries. NCCLs are nowadays a common pathology caused by changes in lifestyle and diet. The prevalence and severity of cervical wear increase with age.

What is the main aim of restoration of carious lesion in Phase I therapy?

Reduce tissue removal treatment of carious lesions in both deciduous teeth and permanent teeth in order to save tooth substance, prolong the life of a tooth and reduce or avoid negative iatrogenic outcomes such as pain, anxiety and adjacent tooth damage.

What is the meaning of carious in English?

/ (ˈkɛərɪəs) / adjective. (of teeth or bone) affected with caries; decayed.

Why do I keep getting cavities even though I brush and floss?

Your biofilm becomes plaque and tartar if it builds up too much, and we keep the amount of it under control with good brushing and flossing. In healthy mouths it's a well-balanced mix of good bugs and bad bugs that live with us. However, when the biofilm gets off balance problems, like cavities, can develop.

What causes plaque on teeth?

Plaque is a sticky substance made from leftover food particles and saliva that mix in your mouth. If you don't brush properly after meals, it begins to form and build up on your teeth. This is problematic because plaque contains bacteria, which can contribute to tooth decay and gum disease.

Why does the hole in my tooth hurt?

Cavities that cause deeper damage in the tooth can affect the nerve, causing intense pain. Sometimes, cavities can grow so large that bacteria can get into the gums, or even the bone underneath the teeth. This can cause intense, unrelenting pain, as well as serious infections.

What are white spot lesions?

White spot lesions are opacities that occur by demineralization of enamel under the surface and cause esthetic problems. Orthodontic treatment increases the risk of white spot lesion occurrence by creating areas difficult to clean and prone to plaque accumulation around orthodontic attachments.

How can you detect an early Carie?

The most common method of caries detection is visual-tactile. Other non-invasive techniques for detection of early caries have been developed and investigated such as Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF), DIAGNOdent (DD), Fibre-optic Transillumination (FOTI) and Electrical Conductance (EC).

What are the two stage of demineralization?

Demineralization involves the use of both cation and anion resins to produce 'deionized water'. This can be achieved by a two-stage process in which the raw water is first passed through a column containing a strong cation resin (H) form, and then through a strong anion resin (Type I or II).

Is it OK to leave decay under a restoration?

Intentionally leaving caries under a restoration may have the potential to lead to legal problems if a patient is unaware of the nature of procedure. This is especially true if another practitioner should have to radiograph the restoration and be unaware of this treatment protocol.

Why are deep carious lesions more injurious to the dental pulp?

A deep carious lesion involves a greater depth of dentin, and its complete removal could increase the risk of pulp exposure. A lesion is considered to be deep when it reaches three-quarters or more of the depth of dentin radiographically.

How do you remove a deep Carie?

Deep caries may be selectively removed in either a one- or two-step process. In a one-step process, the lesion on the pulpal floor is removed until firm, leatherlike dentin is encountered. This firm, affected dentin may be remineralized¹⁸ and serves to protect pulpal health.

What are 3 causes of periodontal disease?

What bacteria causes periodontal disease?

The bacteria associated with periodontal diseases are predominantly gram-negative anaerobic bacteria and may include A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P.

How long does periodontal disease take to develop?

Slight Periodontal Disease

During the early gingivitis stages, gum inflammation can occur in as little as five days. Within two to three weeks, the signs of generalized gingivitis become more noticeable. If you still leave this untreated, it would progress to slight periodontal disease.