Do you subtract output from intake?

For both purposes, you are asked to record all intake – everything your child eats and drinks. The staff also needs you to record all output – all urine, stool and emesis (vomit). A staff member will subtract the output from the intake to find your child's fluid balance.
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Is it intake minus output?

The person is said to be in negative fluid balance if his output is greater than his intake. Conversely, a positive fluid balance occurs when intake is greater than output. If the difference is alarming, consult your doctor. Keep the chart to show to the doctor, and start a fresh one for the next 24-hours.
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Does intake include output?

Intake and output (I&O) is the measurement of the fluids that enter the body (intake) and the fluids that leave the body (output). The two measurements should be equal.
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How do you record intake and output?

Record ice chips as fluid at approximately half their volume. Record the type and amount of all fluids the patient has lost and the route. Describe them as urine, liquid stool, vomitus, tube drainage (including from chest, closed wound drainage, and nasogastric tubes), and any fluid aspirated from a body cavity.
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Should your intake and output be equal?

Intake & Output. The process involves recording all the fluid that goes into the patient and the fluid that leaves the body. Remember in normal conditions the intake should equal output in 24 hours.
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Intake and Output Nursing Calculation Practice Problems NCLEX Review (CNA, LPN, RN) I and O



Should fluid intake equal urine output?

The core principle of fluid balance is that the amount of water lost from the body must equal the amount of water taken in; for example, in humans, the output (via respiration, perspiration, urination, defecation, and expectoration) must equal the input (via eating and drinking, or by parenteral intake).
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What is normal fluid intake and output?

Normal Results

The normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day).
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How do you calculate total fluid intake?

Formulas Used:
  1. For 0 - 10 kg = weight (kg) x 100 mL/kg/day.
  2. For 10-20 kg = 1000 mL + [weight (kg) x 50 ml/kg/day]
  3. For > 20 kg = 1500 mL + [weight (kg) x 20 ml/kg/day]
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Do IV fluids count as intake?

Calculating a patient's daily intake will require you to record all fluids that go into the patient. This includes oral intake, tube feedings, intravenous fluids, medications, total parenteral nutrition, lipids, blood products, dialysis fluids and flushes.
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Does ice cream count as intake?

All drinks, Jello, ice cream, sherbet, popsicles, water ice, ice cubes, soup, custard, pudding, sauces and gravies count as fluids.
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How is medication intake calculated?

D/H x Q = x, or Desired dose (amount) = ordered Dose amount/amount on Hand x Quantity.
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Is negative fluid balance good?

Conclusion: These results suggest that at least 1 day of negative fluid balance (< or = -500 mL) achieved by the third day of treatment may be a good independent predictor of survival in patients with septic shock.
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What is the normal fluid balance?

In order to maintain homeostasis, the adult human body needs a fluid intake of 2-3 litres (25-30ml / kg per day), allowing it to keep a balance of the nutrients, oxygen and water, which are necessary to preserve a stable healthy internal environment.
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How do you calculate 24-hour fluid balance?

The 24-hour number is often divided into approximate hourly rates for convenience, leading to the "4-2-1" formula.
  1. 100 ml/kg/24-hours = 4 ml/kg/hr for the 1st 10 kg.
  2. 50 ml/kg/24-hours = 2 ml/kg/hr for the 2nd 10 kg.
  3. 20 ml/kg/24-hours = 1 ml/kg/hr for the remainder.
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How do you calculate output?

Total output can be measured two ways: as the sum of the values of final goods and services produced and as the sum of values added at each stage of production. GDP plus net income received from other countries equals GNP. GNP is the measure of output typically used to compare incomes generated by different economies.
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How do you calculate urine input and output?

To calculate the rate of urine output, divide the volume of urine produced by the number of hours that have elapsed since the bag/chamber was last emptied (e.g. 80ml over 2 hours = 40ml/hour).
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What is intake output chart?

The intake and output chart is a tool used for the purpose of documenting and sharing information regarding the following: Whatever is taken by the patient especially fluids either via the gastrointestinal tract (entrally) or through the intravenous route (parenterally) Whatever is excreted or removed from the patient.
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Do you include Jello in intake and output?

All oral fluids should be counted, including anything that is liquid at room temperature. This includes gelatin, ice cream and ice chips.
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What is the implication if patient's intake is higher than output?

A deficit in fluid volume is known as a negative fluid balance and, if fluid intake is greater than output, the body is in positive fluid balance (Scales and Pilsworth, 2008).
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What happen when the fluid output exceeds the fluid intake?

As a result, excess fluid builds up in the body. This is called fluid overload (volume overload). This can lead to edema (excess fluid in the skin and tissues).
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What is the ratio of water intake and urine output?

Median daily water intake was 1.4 L (IQR 0.67–1.94). Median 24-hour urine volume was 2.01 L (IQR 1.20–2.73). A 1 L increase in daily water intake was associated with a 710 mL increase in 24-hour urine output (95% CI 0.55–0.87).
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What is the relationship between fluid intake and urine volume?

Urine volume increased in proportion to fluid intake volume, whereas osmolality, USG and concentrations of uric acid, urea, creatinine, phosphate, sodium and potassium decreased with higher fluid intake.
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